be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(camera) shutter; shutter (for a door, window, etc.)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
from now; from the present moment; from this time forward; henceforth
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
threat; menace; coercion; terrorism
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
it is, isn't it?; I know, right?; innit?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
remittance fraud; bank transfer scam
all; entire; whole; altogether
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to leave (in someone's keeping); to put (in someone's care); to put (someone) in charge of; to leave (a matter) in someone's hands; to lean on; to put one's weight on
to bring; to take (something) along; to fetch; to get
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
you (plural); all of you; you all
perpetrators of (some) crime; (some type of) crime
victim; injured party; sufferer
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to take by deception; to defraud someone of; to swindle someone out of; to cheat someone out of
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so