the New Year begins; the New Year starts; to end (e.g. apprenticeship, service)
time; years; days; the Moon and the Sun
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to pass (of time); to elapse
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fast; quick; early; soon; premature; too soon
alright; all right; right on; looking good; OK; okay
fortune slip (usu. bought at a shrine); omikuji
to pull; to tug; to draw (attention, sympathy, etc.); to attract (e.g. interest); to draw back (e.g. one's hand); to draw in (one's chin, stomach, etc.); to draw (a card, mahjong tile, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
good fortune (esp. omikuji fortune-telling result); good luck; auspiciousness; unspecified day of the month (used to obscure the date a letter, invitation, etc. was written)
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
moderately good luck (in fortune-telling)
that's good; that's nice; like (on social media); is that clear?; OK?
honesty; sincerity; trust; reliance; (religious) faith; devotion
suffix for familiar person
how; in what way; how about
disliking; not wanting; unpleasant; disagreeable; no!; quit it!
bad luck; ill fortune; misfortune
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
good(-tasting); nice; delicious; attractive (offer, opportunity, etc.); appealing; convenient
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
mock exam; practice exam; practice test
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
results; record; grades; marks
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
bright light; hope; bright future; light emanating from a buddha or bodhisattva, symbolizing their wisdom and compassion
to be seen; to be visible; to look; to seem; to come
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
moment; brief space of time
now advancing and now retreating; ebb and flow; seesawing; taking alternately favorable and unfavorable turns
to continue; to keep up; to keep on; to continue ...; to keep on ...
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made