tension; strain; tensions (between countries, groups, etc.); tonus; muscle tone
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well ...; I think ...
to change; to alter; to reform; to correct; to examine; to check
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
educational institution; school; academy; campus
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
desperately; for one's dear life
study; diligence; working hard; experience; knowledge; discount
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
hello; good day; good afternoon
deviation value (usu. scaled to mean of 50, standard deviation of 10, and often used for academic grades); deviation; T-score; standard score
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
top; top position; senior management; senior bureaucrat; home page (of a website)
place; position; location; position; standing; status
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
parent; parents; dealer; banker; founder; inventor; (pet) owner
cram school; private tutoring school; juku
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
(home) tutor; private tutor; private teacher
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
to challenge to (a fight, game, etc.); to throw down the gauntlet; to tackle (e.g. a problem); to attempt; to pressure (someone) for sex; to make advances to
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point