Yodogawa Nagaharu (1909.4.10-1998.11.11)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
imitating; copying; mimicry; behavior; behaviour; action
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
(please) look; see; (please) try to do
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
equation; formula; ceremony; style; (arch.) enforcement regulations (of the ritsuryo)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
protagonist; main character; hero(ine) (of a story); head of household
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
garden shrubs; trees; potted plant
class; order; et cetera; etc.; equal; iso-
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates supposition; if ... then; when; (typically after someone's name) indicates exasperation
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.