Yodogawa Nagaharu (1909.4.10-1998.11.11)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
imitating; copying; mimicry; behavior; behaviour; action
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
broadcasting; broadcast; program; announcement
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
garden shrubs; trees; potted plant
class; order; et cetera; etc.; equal; iso-
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; bad habit; bad behaviour; crazy; insane
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to regain one's footing; to get back on one's feet; to recover; (of the market) to improve
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out; to do ... completely; to do ... entirely
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
breaking up (e.g. meeting); dispersing (e.g. crowd); dissolving (company, organization, etc.); liquidating; dissolving (diet, parliament, etc.)
crisis; critical situation; emergency; pinch
to visit; to call on; to arrive (season, time, situation, etc.); to come; (arch.) to make a sound; (arch.) to send a letter
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
chance; start; cue; excuse; motive; impetus
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
arm; skill; efforts; ability
tip-top; top; top-drawer; best; foremost; elite
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work