to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
head (of a household, etc.); leader; owner; proprietor; subject (of a rumour, etc.); doer (of a deed); guardian spirit (e.g. long-resident beast, usu. with mystical powers)
dice; die; baton (of command)
female; smaller (of the two); weaker; (arch.) woman; (arch.) wife
principle; aim; main purpose; central part; pillar
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop; knight (court card in mekuri karuta and unsun karuta)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
plan; idea; design; taste; liking; preference
very; extremely; extreme; excessive; splendid; impressive
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
to lose; to be defeated; to give in (to); to yield; to be inferior (to); to be second (to)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
will; probably; may; I think; surely; I hope
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
odious; hateful; awful; horrid; revolting
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
bowstring; string (of shamisen, guitar, violin, etc.); bail (arched pot handle); diagonal levelling wire across the top of a masu
Edo (shogunate capital; former name of Tokyo); Yedo
number one; first; best; most; game; round
the best one can do; one's best effort; with all one's might; to the best of one's ability; as hard as possible
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
of all (things, people, places, days, etc.)
Japanese Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus niphonius)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
midwinter; cold season; coldest days of the year
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
literally; to the letter; literal
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
fat; tallow; lard; grease
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
(not) in any way; in no way; at all; terribly; awfully; hopelessly
to be confusing; to be different from what one is used to
meat, fish or vegetables preserved in miso; preserving in miso
pickling in salt; food preserved in salt; holding on to (shares, land, etc.) for an extended period until its value increases; leaving unsold; leaving unused
to burn; to roast; to broil; to heat; to heat up; to make (charcoal, pottery, bricks, etc.); to bake
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back