sagacity; wisdom; intelligence
company president; manager; director
gentle; peaceable; amicable; without fuss; simply
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
thank you for waiting; sorry to have kept you waiting
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
your company; your shrine
Ginza (shopping district in Tokyo); (Edo period) silver mint
centre; center; middle; capital; seat of government
employee (of a store); shop assistant; clerk; salesperson
barfin flounder (Verasper moseri)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
the same; the said; likewise
elm bark clothes traditionally worn by the Ainu; elm bark textile
two persons; two people; pair; couple
attitude; manner; behaviour; attitude (towards an issue, etc.); position; stance
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
no problem; all right; not an issue; unobjectionable
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
by means of; due to; because of; according to
indication; denotation; designation; instructions; directions
(one's) workload; amount of work (to be) done by one
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
excessive; too much; unreasonable
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
everyday; daily; ordinary; usual; routine; regular
to change into; to convert into; to transform; to be reduced; to influence; to improve (someone)
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate