indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
heart; guts; nerve; central part
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
transplanting (a plant); transplant; transplantation (of an organ, tissue, etc.); transplant; embryo transfer; embryo transplant
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
two persons; two people; pair; couple
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
sense; sensation; feeling; intuition
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
exclusion; removal; rejection; elimination; abatement; lifting (sanctions, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
meaning; significance; sense
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
beyond comparison; incomparable
peace (of mind); tranquility; tranquillity; serenity
tumor; tumour; neoplasm; neoplasia
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
possible; potential; practicable; feasible
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
poor; pitiable; pathetic; pitiful
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to come to like; to become fond of; to fall in love
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
Pisces (constellation); the Fish; the Fishes; (arch.) fishmongers' guild