thunder; thunderclap; crash of thunder
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
transactions; dealings; business
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
advantage; benefit; profit; interest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
will; probably; may; I think; surely; I hope
elegance; grace; article; item; counter for items (of food, etc.); counter for dishes or courses (at a restaurant)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
leaving a decision to someone else (often of a meal to be selected by the chef); omakase
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
to rub; to scrub; to scrape; to draw near; to press
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
I see; that's right; indeed
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
trade; business; trading; turnover; sales; takings
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
considerably; greatly; a lot
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to show respect for; to revere; to honour; to honor; to worship; to hold in esteem
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)