synthesis; combination; general; combined; synthesis; colligation
electrical machinery; appliances
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
storm; tempest; uproar; hullabaloo; pile of 3 cards of the same value in oicho-kabu
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
company; corporation; firm; one's workplace
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
section manager; section chief
change (of personnel); reshuffle (e.g. of a cabinet); shake-up; dismissal (e.g. of a minister); replacement
manufactured goods; finished goods; product
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
special; particular; peculiar; unique
screw; key (of a clock, watch, etc.); spring
ordering (materials); placing an order; order
to repair; to mend; to change; to alter; to put back; to put away; to cure
order; command; decree; (software) instruction; statement
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
customer; client; client company; business connection; trade partner
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
freezing (e.g. water); freezing (prices, wages, assets, etc.); moratorium; suspension (e.g. investment)
information; news; information (data contained in characters, signals, code, etc.); informatics (as a subject)
seal; to seal (e.g. a letter); to affix a seal; to seal up
octagon; star anise (Illicium verum); sailfin poacher (Podothecus sachi)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work