ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; content; substance
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cross over (e.g. mountain); to go across; to get over (e.g. hardship); to pass time (e.g. a winter); to surpass; to be better than; to move house
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
how many years; how long; what year
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
sixth year of elementary school; sixth year elementary school student
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
he; she; that person; (arch.) you
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
close (e.g. friend); familiar; familiar (e.g. story); well-known (to one); close (relatives); closely related
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
now that you say that; now that you mention it