guardians; parents; father and older brother
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
parting; separation; farewell
female help; female labor; woman's handwriting; (arch.) hiragana
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
painful; difficult; distressing; (psychologically) difficult; straitened (circumstances); tight (financial situation)
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
splendid; fine; praiseworthy; creditable; legal; legitimate
to raise (to maturity); to bring up; to rear; to train; to educate
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
frantic; frenetic; inevitable death; brinkmate (inevitable checkmate)
to trick; to cheat; to deceive; to coax; to wheedle; to soothe and humor (humour)
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
cheap; rash; thoughtless; careless
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
punch (with the fist); punching (a hole); hole punch; punch (drink); punch (in a song, speech, etc.); impact
to draw (a thread); to let out (e.g. a rope); to head out as a group; to set out in large numbers; to send out one after another; to dispatch
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that