indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to ask; to inquire; to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to care about; to regard as important
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
to deliver; to forward; to send; to report; to notify; to file notice (to the authorities)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
kind; gentle; considerate; generous; friendly; nice
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
pretty; lovely; clean; clear; completely; entirely
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
Alice; Alliss; Alyce; Arisu
not a chance; not likely; oh no; yuck; fault; defect
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
honorific/polite/humble prefix
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
poor; pitiable; pathetic; pitiful
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
twilight; sunset; dusk; evening
Japanese league; ri; neighbourhood (under the ritsuryo system; orig. of 50 homes); unit of area (approx. 654m by 654m)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
detective bureau; detective agency; investigation firm
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
cheap; inexpensive; calm; peaceful; quiet
reliance; trust; faith; confidence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
sale; selling; selling point; gimmick; seller; vendor
superior; excellent; brilliant; outstanding
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to assemble (e.g. goods into a set); to gather; to put together
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do