coward; weakling; scaredy cat; wimp; sissy
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
pupil; student; schoolchild
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stereotype; to squeeze into a pattern; to regiment
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
fall; sinking; surrender; capitulation
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
desire; wish; request; entreaty; prayer; (written) application
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
it is not (like that) either
to control; to take the lead in; to have under one's thumb
he; she; that person; that; that one; that thing
whole army; whole team; all armies; all teams
to smash violently; to crush
nectar; honey; honeydew; treacle; molasses; sorbitol (when visible as dark patches inside an apple)
child (esp. a boy); viscount; founder of a school of thought (esp. Confucius); master; masters and philosophers (categorization of Chinese classical literature); (arch.) you; -er (i.e. man who spends all his time doing...)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
use; utilization; utilisation; application
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
how; in what way; how about
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
to raise; to bring to (someone's attention); to appeal to (reason, emotions, etc.); to work on (one's emotions); to complain; to sue (a person)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as