this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
early (days); initial stage; initial
work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.); opus; performance; production
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
like this; this sort; this way
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
pitcher; water jug; watering can; container of fresh water for replenishing the kettle and rinsing bowls (tea ceremony)
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to wring (towel, rag); to squeeze; to squeeze (fruit to extract juice); to press; to rack (one's brains); to strain (one's voice); to extort
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to pour (into); to sprinkle on (from above); to water (e.g. plants); to shed (tears); to concentrate one's energy (strength, attention, etc.) on; to devote to; to flow into (e.g. of a river)
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
mundane; routine; everyday; unremarkable; common; day-to-day
scene; spectacle; sight; view
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
unusual; rare; new; novel; fine (e.g. gift)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
name of an imperial era (e.g. Heisei, Shōwa); Japanese era name
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
in spite of; nevertheless; although; despite; no matter the; regardless of
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
by means of; due to; because of; according to
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
whether or not (in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come")
doubt; suspicion; misgivings; scruples
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
few; a little; scarce; insufficient; seldom
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
picture; drawing; painting; image (TV, film, etc.); picture; footage
spurious article; forgery; counterfeit; imitation; sham