paulownia (Paulownia tomentosa); empress tree; foxglove tree
mound; heap; burial mound; tomb; standing stone; stone signpost
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
older brother; elder brother; young man; buddy; fella
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
serious; earnest; sober; honest; sincere
student (esp. a university student)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
introduction; presentation; referral; showcase (of a product)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
peace of mind; relief; (sense of) security; safety; assurance; confidence
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
as (for); for; in the capacity of
grateful; thankful; welcome; appreciated; evoking gratitude
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
name; given name; first name
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.
kind; cordial; hospitable; serious (of an illness)
best regards; please remember me; please treat me favorably (favourably); please take care of
husband; groom; (one's) son-in-law
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
no; you're welcome; not at all; don't mention it
easy; trifling; harmless; nothing of the sort; not at all
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
no!; no no!; no, not at all
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
tension; strain; tensions (between countries, groups, etc.); tonus; muscle tone
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do