last night; yesterday evening
beginning; outset; first; onset
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
transplanting (a plant); transplant; transplantation (of an organ, tissue, etc.); transplant; embryo transfer; embryo transplant
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to bury; to embed; to implant
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
how long; how far; how much
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
giga-; 10^9; gigabyte; GB; data traffic (esp. on mobile phone)
once; one time; one round; one game; one bout; one heat
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
capacity; volume; capacitance
(a) little; (a) few; slight; only; just; merely
daikon (variety of large white Oriental radish, Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus) (primarily used in context of the seven spring herbs)
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such