drop of water; vessel for replenishing inkstone water
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
pleasant smell; aroma; fragrance; pleasant-smelling vegetation
from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; first volume (e.g. book); superior quality; best
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to look after; to take care of; to be put in charge of; to be given responsibility for; to withhold (an announcement); to reserve (judgment)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to mind; to care about; to be an issue; to matter; to keep company; to care for; to interfere with
telephone call; phone call; telephone (device); phone
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
ending; conclusion; join; union; knot; knotting
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
suffix for familiar person
honorific/polite/humble prefix
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
request; commission; entrusting (with a matter); dependence; reliance
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
How do you do?; I am glad to meet you
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to be called; to do
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give