email; mail; post; message (in an instant messaging application); instant message; male
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
carrying (on one's person or in the hand); mobile phone; cell phone
shrine; palace; imperial residence; Imperial prince; Imperial princess; headboard with built-in shelves, drawers, etc.
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
to sound; to ring; to resound; to echo; to roar; to rumble
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to be noisy; to be astir; to be abuzz; to be in commotion; to be aflutter; to be unsettled
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
by no means; never!; certainly (not); surely (not); something unexpected; emergency
(advance) notice; preliminary announcement; warning; trailer (for a film, TV show, etc.)
in accordance with; following; roughly; about; Street; Avenue
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
apricot (Prunus armeniaca)
paper patch attached to something; paper backing; sticker; notice; poster
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to smash (violently); to crush; to ruin (a plan, company, etc.); to wreck; to destroy
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
hyperventilation; overbreathing; hyperpnea; overventilation
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
on purpose; deliberately; intentionally
to ring; to sound; to be popular; to be esteemed; to state; to insist
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
funny; amusing; strange; odd; wrong; unsuitable
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
please; if you would; somehow or other; one way or another; whether (or not); if