indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
cartoonist; comic book artist; manga artist; manga author; mangaka
to aim at (for, to do, to become); to try for; to have an eye on; to go toward; to head for
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
decision; determination; resolution
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
suffix for familiar person
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
summer vacation; summer holiday
proceeding to the capital (Tokyo)
publisher; publishing house; publishing company
bring-your-own (e.g. food and drink); carry-on (e.g. luggage)
to try; to attempt; to have a go (at something)
yearning; longing; aspiration; adoration; admiration
coffee shop; tearoom; coffee lounge; coffeehouse; cafe
manuscript; copy; draft; notes; contribution
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
to pass; to elapse; to pass through; to go through; to experience; to go through
to be soaked in; to be flooded; to be submerged; to be immersed in (joy, memories, alcohol, etc.); to give oneself over to; to bask in
all; completely; totally; entirely; thoroughly
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
night view; night skyline; nightscape
to look at; to gaze at; to look out over; to get a view of; to look on (from the sidelines); to stand by and watch
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
to feel (as if); to have a feeling (that); to have a hunch (that); to feel like doing; to want to do
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to quiet; to calm down; to compose oneself; to settle down
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)