marshy rice field or paddy
Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
May; fifth month of the lunar calendar
twelfth day of the month; twelve days
birth; birthplace; born in (country, month, imperial era, zodiac year, etc.)
type A (blood, influenza, hepatitis, etc.)
when one was a very young child; very early in one's life
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
superior; excellent; brilliant; outstanding
older brother; elder brother
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
lump; mass; group; crowd; embodiment (of an idea, quality, feeling etc.); personification
father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to scold; to chide; to rebuke; to reprimand
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
in that way; thus; so; so?
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
without cause; without reason
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
to let leak; to let out (e.g. light); to let out (a secret); to leak (information); to give utterance to (e.g. one's dissatisfaction); to vent; to wet one's pants