Toyama (city, prefecture)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
head (chief, director) of a section or department; head of a (school) club; head of a (school) team
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
(not even) an inch; (not even) a little bit; (lit.) one millimeter
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
meeting; conference; session; assembly; council; convention
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
entertainment (of guests; esp. in the corporate world); treating (to food and drinks); wining and dining
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
between (e.g. two people); face to face; hindrance; impediment; arrhythmic section of recitative in noh music; playing with only 2 players; prefix used for stress or emphasis
more than enough (to drink)
company; corporation; workplace
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
hole; opening; pit; hollow; burrow; den; deficit
because of; owing to; due to
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to stay at (e.g. hotel); to be docked; to be berthed; to be moored
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
section manager; section chief
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that