language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
more or less; though not quite satisfactorily; tentatively; for the time being; just in case; once
English proficiency test (esp. the STEP test)
class (e.g. school); grade; rank; kyū; kyu; junior rank in martial arts, go, shogi, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
to be peevish; to sulk; to pout
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to spread; to extend; to unfold; to open; to scatter about; to spread around
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to say; to be called; to do
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this sort of; of this kind; of the sort; such
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
easily; readily; with ease; without trouble
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
feudal lord; (arch.) mansion; (arch.) palace