that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
granny; grandma; gran; old lady; old woman
together (with); at the same time; in one lump; in the same category
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
serious; not joking; straight; (arch.) cannot; (arch.) should not; (arch.) will not
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
skillful; skilful; delicious; tasty; good (deal, idea, etc.); profitable
to trick; to cheat; to deceive; to coax; to wheedle; to soothe
one line; one streak; one item (in an itemized form); one clause; one matter (affair, event, case, incident)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
empty air; sky; shunyata (the lack of an immutable intrinsic nature within any phenomenon); emptiness; air force; fruitlessness; meaninglessness
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
new rice field; newly developed rice field; wasteland or marshland newly reclaimed as a rice field (Edo period)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily