sky; the skies; high-altitude sky; upper air
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
aviation; flight; flying; to fly; to take a flight
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
clear; obvious; evident; bright; light
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
actual place; actual location; the spot; place where one is currently living
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
image (on a screen); picture (e.g. on a TV); video; film; reflection; image (in one's mind)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be believed to; to be expected to; to be feared to; to be poised to; to be considered to; to be likely to
going up in flames; destruction by fire (esp. of a large building); stirring up a storm of criticism online (of an article, tweet, statement, etc.); becoming the target of an Internet pitchfork mob
while; during; while; although; all; both
descent; fall; drop; passing down (of an order, decree, etc.)
fall; crash (e.g. aircraft)
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
third month of the lunar calendar; (arch.) thick growth (of grass, etc.); Yayoi period (ca. 300 BCE-300 CE); Yayoi culture
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
name; given name; first name
foot of a mountain; base of a mountain; mine; colliery; owner of a mountain; operator of a mine
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
how; in what way; how about
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
sudden turn; sudden change; (suddenly occurring) accident; emergency
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour