if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
(hospital) nurse; registered nurse; RN
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
anniversary of a person's death; monthly return of the date of someone's death
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
new rice field; newly developed rice field; wasteland or marshland newly reclaimed as a rice field (Edo period)
people who lived in Kyushu in ancient times, and who opposed the state of Yamato
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
won't; hasn't; isn't; won't you
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am; older girl
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
honorific/polite/humble prefix
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
garden; yard; courtyard; field (of action); area
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to bloom; to flower; to blossom; to open
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise