right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
white clothes; white robe; white gown (worn by doctors, chemists, etc.); commoner without rank (in ancient China); layperson
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
(formal) shirt; dress shirt; business shirt; button-up shirt
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
university hospital; teaching hospital
in that way; thus; so; so?
now; the present time; just now; another; more
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
rough; casual (clothing); rough (of a golf course); rough sketch; rough draft
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
arm; skill; efforts; ability
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
such; like that; that sort of; very
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
back off!; leave me alone!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not