last week; the week before
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
chief secretary (usu. of a party); secretary-general
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
injustice; unfairness; wrongdoing; iniquity; impropriety; irregularity
donation; contribution; offering
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
abusive language; violent language; wild words
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
tearing limb from limb; tearing apart; cutting (a person) to pieces
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
malicious; ill-tempered; unkind
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
space alien; alien; extraterrestrial being
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
coolness; calmness; composure; all right; fine; OK
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to wound; to injure; to hurt someone's feelings (pride, etc.); to damage; to chip