outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
heart; guts; nerve; central part
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
sudden brake; coming to a sudden stop
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
smell (esp. a good smell); fragrance; scent; aroma; perfume
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to dwell; to live; to stay at; to take shelter at; to be pregnant; to be part of a constellation
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
should; must; -able; probably; likely
knock; knocking; fungo hitting; hitting balls for fielding practice
door (Western-style, car, etc.)
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
wisdom; jnana (higher knowledge)
doctor's rounds (in hospital)
time; hour; period; class
poison; toxicant; harm; evil influence; ill will; spite
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
pain; ache; soreness; damage; injury; wear
to come off; to be removed; to disappear (of pain, a fever, etc.); to be caught; to be harvested; to be interpreted (as); to be taken (as)
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now