ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
foe; enemy; resentment; enmity; harm; injury
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
to lend; to loan; to rent out; to hire out
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
to beg; to pester; to plead; to coax; to hound; to importune
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to feel irritated; to feel offended; to feel angry; to feel sick; to feel nauseous
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to strike; to hit; to beat; to punch
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
dropping out of school; withdrawing from school; expulsion from school; dismissal; leaving school (university, etc.) after completing a course
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
adds force or indicates command
imitating; copying; mimicry; behavior; behaviour; action
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already