suffix for familiar person
congratulations!; well done!; best wishes!; all the best!
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
please (give me); please (do for me)
well; properly; best regards; please remember me; just like ...; as though one were ...
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
cut; cutting; haircut; shuffle (cards); shuffling; scene
serious; honest; sober; grave; earnest; steady
smirkingly; broadly (grinning)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to stick up (hair, etc.); to stand up straight; to stand up abruptly; to jump to one's feet; to stand in one place, doing nothing in particular; to stand around
hostess (in a hostess bar)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
to hang (something) on (something); to throw on (clothes); to hook; to catch; to cheat; to evade payment; to drink (alcohol)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
chance; start; cue; excuse; motive; impetus
anyhow; anyway; somehow or other; apart from ...; setting ... aside
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
once in a lifetime; once in one's life
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
very; extremely; terrible; horrid; remarkable; extraordinary
to become serious; to take something seriously (joke, teasing); to become irritated or angry (usu. at something trivial); to get worked up
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
history of; experience of
how many years; how long; what year
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any