life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
merger (of companies, towns, etc.); combination; union; amalgamation; consolidation; coalition
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
welcome!; nice to see you!
Osaka (city); (arch.) large hill
shop; store; somebody who sells (something) or works as (something); somebody with a (certain) personality trait; house; roof
biggest; greatest; largest; maximum
project; enterprise; business; (arch.) act; (arch.) deed; (arch.) conduct
birth; creation; formation
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
(please) try to; (please) look; seeing; looking
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
-less; lacking; non-existing
entertainer (esp. in a traditional art); performer; artiste; talented person; accomplished person
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
for the first time in one's life
art; craft; accomplishment; artistic skill; technique; performance
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
interval; space; valley; gorge; loophole (in a wall); crenel
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
touching; moving; painful
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
clumsy; awkward; tactless; awkward (e.g. socially); (arch.) mean; (arch.) cowardly
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
success; passing (e.g. exam); eligibility
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very