here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
near; close; beside; vicinity; proximity; besides
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
first of all; at once; right away; for now; for the time being
to sit; to squat; to assume (a position); to hold steady; to hold still
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
Kōzuke (former province located in present-day Gunma Prefecture)
email; mail (usu. in compound words); post; message (sent over a chat application); instant message; male
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
chime; bell (e.g. doorbell)
hi!; yo!; hey man!; hey dude!
ball (for sport, games, etc.); kemari; type of football played by courtiers in ancient Japan
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
trouble; bother; annoyance; to be troubled (by); to be bothered (by); to be inconvenienced (by)
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
such; like that; that sort of; very
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
state of emergency; emergency; crisis
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now