here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
(place) near by; (place) close by; (place) right next to; as soon as; right after
cry (e.g. of a baby); sob; whine; tearful voice; weepy voice
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
first of all; at once; for now; for the time being; anyway; at least
to sit (down); to have a seat; to be seated; to assume (a position); to take on (a duty); to occupy (a post)
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
Kōzuke (former province located in present-day Gunma Prefecture)
email; mail; post; message (in an instant messaging application); instant message; male
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
chime; bell (e.g. doorbell)
hi!; yo!; hey man!; yessir!; understood!
ball (for sport, games, etc.); kemari; type of football played by courtiers in ancient Japan
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
cherry tree; cherry blossom; light pink; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder
tree; shrub; wood; timber; wooden clappers (signalling the beginning or end of a performance)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
together (with); at the same time; in one lump; in the same category
to drink; to swallow; to smoke (tobacco); to swallow up; to engulf; to suppress (one's anger, bitter feelings, etc.); to keep down
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
trouble; bother; annoyance; to be troubled (by); to be bothered (by); to be inconvenienced (by)
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
such; like that; that sort of
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
state of emergency; emergency; crisis
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust