indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
such; like that; that sort of; very
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
on the contrary; rather; all the more; instead
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to wound; to injure; to hurt someone's feelings (pride, etc.); to damage; to chip
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to tear; to rip; to break through (cordon, opponent's defense, etc.); to breach; to defeat; to beat; to break (e.g. silence)
decisive action; going through with; daring to do; carrying out
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
illness (usu. excluding minor ailments, e.g. common cold); disease; bad habit; bad behaviour; crazy; insane
to cure; to heal; to fix; to correct; to do over again; to replace
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
clever; smart; sharp (ear, etc.); sensitive; discerning
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do