law (esp. ancient East Asian criminal code); regulation; vinaya (rules for the monastic community); Ritsu (school of Buddhism); lüshi (style of Chinese poem); (musical) pitch; six odd-numbered notes of the ancient chromatic scale
mum; mom; mummy; the missus
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
a person without a single relative
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
South Korea; Republic of Korea; Korean Empire (1897-1910)
underworld; underside of society
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
Japanese person; Japanese people
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
please (give me); please (do for me)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
goddamn idiot; moron; nitwit
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to have (problems, debts, etc.); to take on (a responsibility); to employ; to have (on one's staff)
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
gradually (progress into a state); in sequence; in order; in turn
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
paralysis; palsy; numbness; stupor
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to result in death; to lead to death; to be fatal (e.g. disease)
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
remainder of one's life; one's remaining days; time left (to live)
sentence; verdict; pronouncement
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)