to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
memories; recollections; reminiscence
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to stand up; to get up; to rise; to recover; to take action; to start; to make the initial charge
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
rural local self-government (Muromachi period)
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
older brother; elder brother
cheap; inexpensive; pure; honest; upright
in that way; thus; so; so?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
young female rice planter; young girl
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
curtain; bunting; act (in play)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to draw back; to leave (the area)
to excel; to surpass; to exceed; to outweigh; to preponderate
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
starting pistol; starter pistol
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
charge; grounds; suspicion
to carry something out of a place; to elevate (someone) to a high position; to convince someone to accept a post (esp. through flattery); to mention something; to broach a topic