Dear (so and so); Dear Sir; Dear Madam; To Whom It May Concern
nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos); Nightingale, Florence (1820-1910)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
salary; pay; medical care; treatment; advance preparation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to joke; to jest; to make fun of; to laugh at; to romp; to gambol
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
to become known; to come to light; to be known; to be understood; to clearly not amount to much; to be insignificant
now; the present time; just now; another; more
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
perfect; complete; flawless
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)