indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
related to; in relation to; as far as ... is concerned
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
speciality; specialty; subject of study; expert; area of expertise
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
cooperation; collaboration
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
(period of) a year; during an era
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
apiece; each; at a time; piecemeal
to recall; to remember; to recollect
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
somehow or other; for some reason or another; without knowing why
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
dissatisfaction; discontent; displeasure; complaint; unhappiness
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
rather; better; instead; if anything
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you