capital (esp. Kyoto, Japan's former capital); seat of government; capital (of music, fashion, etc.); city (e.g. of light); location of the Imperial Palace
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
stillness; quiet; peacefulness
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
round; tranquil; contentedly at ease
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
cool breeze; cool air; refreshing coolness
unwillingly; grudgingly; shaking head in refusal (like a child); no!; no no!
honorific/polite/humble prefix
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to cry; to weep; to sob; to howl
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
woman; female; feminine gender
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
please (give me); please (do for me)
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good