indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
suffix for familiar person
father; dad; husband; you; he
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
honorific/polite/humble prefix
now; the present time; just now; another; more
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
employee (of a store); shop assistant; clerk; salesperson
in that way; thus; so; so?
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
such; like that; that sort of; very
head (of a household); proprietor (of a store); one's husband; (one's) employer; (one's) master; host
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
please (give me); please (do for me)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...