year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
new type; new style; new model; new strain (e.g. infectious disease)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to launch; to shoot up; (of waves) to dash; to wash up (ashore); to finish (e.g. a theater run, sumo tournament); to close
failure; mistake; blunder
to take responsibility (for a fallout); to accept the blame; to take the blame
development; cultivation; application; exploitation (of resources)
mechanism; machinery; system; structure; organization
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
father; father (e.g. of a discipline); pioneer (e.g. of field of research); God; Father
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
company president; manager; director
company; corporation; firm; one's workplace
even more; still more; further
growth; development; growing up; growth (of a company, the economy, etc.)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
large (amount of money); huge; hefty; expensive
to throw; to cast (e.g. vote, light, shadow); to devote oneself (e.g. to a cause); to invest; to put in; to administer (medicine); to give
research and development; R&D
division (of a larger group); branch; field; class (subclass); group; category
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to concentrate one's effort (on something)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
by means of; due to; because of; according to
obtaining (a qualification, right, object, etc.); acquisition (of land, property, etc.); gaining possession (of); getting; purchase
patent; special permission; license; licence
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
profit; gains; benefit; advantage; grace (of God, Buddha, etc., esp. as attained through rightful actions, prayer, adherence to one's faith, etc.); blessing
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
manufactured goods; finished goods; product
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
same; identical; equal; anyway; in any case; if one must ...
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!