to strike; to hit; to beat; to punch
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
Suō (former province located in the southeast of present-day Yamaguchi Prefecture)
mourning; abstinence; taboo; religious purification; pure; holy
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
wisteria (esp. Japanese wisteria, Wisteria floribunda); wistaria
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop
huff!; yo-heave-ho!; heigh-ho; to butter up; to suck up to
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
primary school; elementary school; grade school
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
moreover; furthermore; nevertheless; and yet
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
rucksack; knapsack; backpack
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to carry on one's back; to be burdened with; to take responsibility for; to have (something) in the background; to be in front (of something); to be conceited
complaint; grumbling; objection; phrase; words; expression
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
recommendation; referral; endorsement
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to become known; to come to light; to be known; to be understood; to clearly not amount to much; to be insignificant
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to say something is all right; to give the all-clear (e.g. to do something)
meals exchanged by parishioners and priests
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
interest; eagerness; enthusiasm
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
planning; project; plan; design