king; queen; monarch; the Crown (as a focus of authority in the UK, etc.); the throne
people (of a country); nation; citizen; Democratic Party for the People
foreign country; another country; another province; strange land; alien land
within the country; inside the county; domestic; home; internal
each country; every country; various countries; all countries
paradise; heaven; Kingdom of Heaven
dukedom; duchy; principality
large country; major nation; great power; province of the highest rank (ritsuryō system)
neighbouring country; neighboring country; adjacent country
return to one's country; return to one's hometown
United Kingdom; Britain; Great Britain
Empire (of Japan); the (Japanese) Empire; Japan
various countries; various regions; various provinces
foreigner; foreign citizen; foreign national; alien; non-Japanese
one country; the whole nation; the whole country; stubborn; obstinate
homeland; motherland; fatherland; native country
home country; one's own country; suzerain country (from the perspective of the vassal state); colonizing country; country of one's ancestors; this country
Shikoku (smallest of the four main islands of Japan)
both countries; Ryōgoku (area of Tokyo)
outside the country; abroad
country; territory; domain; realm
international; diplomatic intercourse
(United States of) America; USA; US
national language; Japanese language (esp. as a school subject in Japan); one's native language; mother tongue; native Japanese words (as opposed to loanwords and Chinese-derived words)
national politics; political situation; statecraft; body politic
all over the country; everywhere in the country; throughout the nation
national road; national highway
national convention; national competition; national athletic meet
national defence; national defense
national; founded and run by the central government
South Korea; Republic of Korea; Korean Empire (1897-1910)
allied nation; ally; Central Powers (in WWI)
allied nations; the Allies (World War I, World War II); Allied powers
defense of one's country; defence of one's country
one's home country; one's homeland
international; worldwide; cross-border; cosmopolitan
salvation of one's country
domestically produced; domestic; Japanese-made
various foreign countries; several foreign countries
federation; federal state; United States of America
king; sovereign; daimyo with a domain of one or more provinces (Edo period)
national defence forces; national security forces
a country whose laws are based on religious criteria; theocracy
nationality; citizenship; nationality (ship, airplane, etc.); registration; flag
deportation; expulsion from the country
galactic empire (in science fiction)
surrounding countries; neighboring countries; neighbouring countries
vassal state; vassal nation; dependency
countries all over the world; all the countries of the world
queendom; country ruled by a queen
developed country; advanced country
northern country; northern provinces; northern regions; northland
western part of Japan (esp. Kyushu, but ranging as far east as Kinki); western nations (esp. India or Europe); thirty-three temples in the Kinki area containing statues of Kannon (Avalokitesvara); pilgrimage to the thirty-three temples sacred to Kannon
national (e.g. hero, pastime, consensus); relevant to all citizens; popular on a national level
inside and outside the country; domestic and foreign
neighboring countries; surrounding countries
foreigner; stranger; outsider; alien
departure from a country; leaving a country
nationwide; countrywide; national; throughout the country
all over Japan; throughout Japan
indigenous person; inhabitant of a country; local; native; local lords and samurai; daimyo who did not leave his domains to meet the shogun in Kyoto (during the Muromachi period)
patriotic feelings; patriotism
neighboring countries; neighbouring countries; surrounding countries
strong nation; powerful country
China under the Qing dynasty; Qing China; Qing dynasty
ruining a country; ruined country
founding a country; opening of a country (e.g. Japan) to the world; ending (a policy of) national seclusion
patriotic concern for the future of one's country
national isolation; closing the country (to foreigners); sakoku; policy of national isolation enacted by the Tokugawa shogunate
marquisate; marquessate; principality
national polity; National Athletic Meet
independent state; independent nation
government management; state management
the whole nation; everyone in the country
the Third Reich; Nazi Germany
imperial soldier; soldier in an imperial army
Japanese citizen; (the) Japanese
modern Japanese (esp. as a school subject)
Western countries; (former) Western Bloc countries
child who has returned to Japan after living abroad; returnee child; (Japanese) person who lived abroad during (part of) their childhood
beauty; siren; courtesan; prostitute
every region of the country; all corners of the country; nationwide
love of one's country; patriotism; Ireland
international community; international society
the Six Kingdoms (of China's Warring States period: Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Wei and Zhao); the six tree-derived incense varieties used in kōdō ceremonies
smuggling oneself into a country; illegal immigration
national crisis; national disaster
language of one's country; mother tongue; native language
international law; law of nations
Japanese-language dictionary; dictionary of a national language
national traits; national characteristic; character of the inhabitants of a nation
partner country; other country (in a dispute, arrangement, etc.); opponent (country)
exotic mood; exotic atmosphere; exoticism
national debt; national securities; government bonds; government securities
study of classical Japanese literature and culture; provincial school (established under the ritsuryō system for educating children of district governors); school (of a provincial capital during the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties)
traitor (to one's country)
same country; same province; the (said) country
all countries; the whole world; universal; all nations
citizens of one's own country; fellow countrymen; compatriots
Korean (language; esp. as spoken in South Korea)
immigration check; immigration inspection
traitor (to one's country); quisling
multinational; transnational
Manchukuo (Japanese Manchurian puppet state; 1932-1945)
Imperial Diet; legislative assembly of Japan (1889-1947); Imperial Diet; legislative assembly of the Holy Roman Empire
nation at war; militant nation
the Big Three (countries)
Republic of Korea Armed Forces
old kingdom; ancient kingdom
minister of state; cabinet minister (in Japan)
state-supported provincial temple (Nara period)
Department of Defense (USA); the Pentagon; Ministry of Defence (UK, etc.)
regional administrator (pre-Taika hereditary title)
father of one's country; father of the nation
Department of Defense (US); the Pentagon
emerging market; emerging nation; emergent nation; developing country; developing nation
provincial official (under the ritsuryō system; esp. a governor)
state funeral; national funeral
national constituency; nationwide publicity; being known all over the country
Nationalist Government (of China; i.e. under the Kuomintang); provincial office (under the ritsuryō system); provincial capital
hypothetical or imaginary enemy
incense variety used in kōdō (orig. from Thailand)
member nation; member state; signatory
imperial university; university founded by the Empire of Japan between 1886 and 1939; Imperial University (name of the University of Tokyo between 1886 and 1897)
Constitutional Nationalist Party (1910-1922); Kuomintang; Chinese Nationalist Party
national customs and manners; provincial song or ballad; waka (classical Japanese poetry, as opposed to Chinese poetry)
neutral country; neutral power
worldwide; common to the whole world; universal
European countries; European nations
national railway; Japan National Railways (1949-1987)
city-state (e.g. the Vatican)
between both countries; bilateral
Russian Empire (1721-1917)
civilized nation; civilised nation
fellow countryman; compatriot; person from the same province; person from said country
history of a nation; Japanese history
one's native country; land of one's birth
Holy Roman Empire (800-1806)
backward country; underdeveloped country; developing country
head of a household; business owner; proudly independent person; feudal lord; daimyo
great seal; seal of state
agricultural country; agrarian nation
governments of various countries
Empire of Japan (Japan's official name under the Meiji Constitution)
national expenditure; government spending; public funds
unpatriotic person; traitor (to one's country)
foreigner; alien; stranger
Japanese nationality; Japanese citizenship
international politics; world politics
of unknown nationality (of a vessel, plane, etc.); unidentified
illegal entry (into a country); illegal immigration
national mood; national sentiment; national feeling
foreign (product, esp. agricultural); of foreign manufacture
Yamataikoku; historical Japanese state thought to have existed during the late Yayoi period
selling out one's country; betraying one's country; treason
native state (of pre-independence India); princely state
national unity; unity of the whole nation
Axis powers (World War II)
country; state; various countries
emigration and immigration
revenue office; taxation bureau
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (Japanese dictionary published by Shogakukan)
scholar of (ancient) Japanese literature and culture
entrant (into a country); immigrant
Republic of China; ROC; Taiwan; Republic of China (country controlling mainland China from 1912 to 1949)
national emblem; (national) coat of arms
enrich the country, strengthen the army
foreign trade; external trade
skilled physician; noted doctor; master
millennium; millennial kingdom (of Christ)
United Nations (UN) Headquarters
Western countries; European and (North) American countries
diplomatic message sent by a head of state; sovereign letter; book written in Japanese (as opposed to Chinese, etc.); Japanese book; national literature (of Japan)
rich country; national enrichment
life of the people; people's lives; citizens' livelihoods
economic superpower; economic powerhouse
national paper; paper with a national circulation
domestic air route; domestic airline (company)
Secretary of Defence (Defense)
elementary school (in Japan; 1941-1947)
whole nation; entire nation; all the people
vassalization; vassalisation
modern Japanese (esp. as a school subject)
national ownership; state ownership; government ownership
(possession of) one feudal domain and one castle; being independent (acting without compromise or assistance); establishing only one castle in each feudal domain (edict issued by the shogunate in 1615)
national network broadcast; nation-wide broadcast
city electric train service operated by (former) Japanese National Railways
Republic of China (Taiwan); ROC
national assembly (esp. France)
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism; MLIT
domestically produced car
selection by the state (esp. of a defense lawyer); appointment; assignment
stranger; person from another place
Tokyo Imperial University
internationalization; internationalisation
distinguished citizen; patriot
Immigration Bureau; Immigration Office
foreign cinema; foreign film; a foreign movie
Asian countries; Asian nations
warring nations; belligerents
world fair; international exposition
state-sponsored; national
People's Republic of China
nationalization; nationalisation
distinguished person; thirteen orphans; winning hand containing one of each terminal and honor tile plus one extra copy of any of them
making a country prosperous; prosperous country; Kōkoku era (of the Southern Court; 1340.4.28-1346.12.8)
Constitution of the Empire of Japan; Meiji Constitution
host country (e.g. for a conference)
national uniform (such as mandated for Japanese males in 1940)
Republic of Korea; South Korea
national fortunes; destiny of a country
nationalism; extreme patriotism
permanent member of the UN Security Council
Tokyo Regional Taxation Bureau
entirely domestically produced; 100% domestically made
foreign travel; overseas trip
traveling throughout the country (travelling)
United Nations Security Council
founding father (of a country)
tour around the country; travelling to various provinces
People's Honour Award (honor); National Honour Award
international organization; international organisation
national hospital; hospital run by a central government
state of a country (population, resources, etc.); condition of a country; strength of a country
internal (domestic) affairs
country of origin; country of manufacture
The Confederate States of America; The Confederacy; CSA
United Nations General Assembly; General Assembly of the United Nations
foreign citizenship; foreign nationality
smuggling oneself out of a country
multinational corporation; transnational corporation
National Tax Agency (Japan); national taxation agency (e.g. IRS)
internal (to a country); interior; home; national; domestic
being in one's hometown; being in one's domain (as opposed to being in Edo; of a daimyo or his retainers)
other nations; other peoples
domestically produced article; domestic product; domestic goods
countries concerned (involved)
political offence; political offense
national hero; hero of the nation
governor of a province (under the ritsuryō system); daimyo with a domain of one or more provinces (Edo period)
international law in time of war
sovereignty of the people
departure (sailing) formalities
Vatican City; Vatican City State
International Criminal Police Organization; Interpol
national pension; government pension system
international trade; international trading
foreign (exchange) student; international student
nationalistic; ultranationalistic
major power; principal countries
Department of State (US); State Department
Nationalist Government (of the Republic of China; 1924-1948)
food universally loved by all citizens; comfort food
(South) Korean cooking; (South) Korean food
international cooperation; international harmony
defence expenditure; defense expenditure; defence cost; defense cost
Committee of the National Diet
municipal (civic) law; domestic law; national law
international organization; international organisation
International Space Station
industrialized nation; industrialised nation
ancient nation; homeland; one's native land; birthplace
state-run business; state enterprise; national enterprise
constitutional functions (of the emperor)
life in a foreign country; living abroad
department of Japanese literature
immigration (and emigration) control
(national) isolationism; isolation policy
(intended) for foreigners; aimed at foreigners
laws established by daimyo applicable only in their own domain (during the Warring States period)
Japanese language education (for Japanese people); teaching of Japanese
enhancing national prestige; expanding national influence
Korean Empire (1897-1910)
uncivilized country; savage land
Eastern European countries
Meiji Constitution; Constitution of the Empire of Japan
(Japanese) National Defense Council (1956-86) (Defence); National Security Council (USA)
Interpol notice (circulation)
Imperial Japanese Army (1872-1945)
Japanese-language dictionary; dictionary of a national language
various countries; several countries
among countries; between countries
foreign delegation; foreign mission; diplomatic envoy
national land development (e.g. building infrastructure, roads, etc.)
barbarian country; uncivilized country; foreign country
multilateral; multinational
one's native language; one's mother tongue
Japanese government bond; JGB
monarchy; monarch and nation
international game; international match
international mail; overseas mail
nation-wide hookup; nationwide broadcast
major agricultural country; agricultural power; agripower
Anglican Church; Church of England
immigration officer; immigration inspector
foreign business; foreign enterprise; foreign corporation
Sanseido Kokugo Jiten (Japanese dictionary published by Sanseido)
Austro-Hungarian Empire; Austria-Hungary
permanently neutral country
Secretary-General of the United Nations
public holiday; national holiday
international cooperation
internationalism; cosmopolitanism; international character
international competitiveness; global competitiveness
official writing system of a country; official script; kana (as opposed to kanji); Japanese syllabary; kanji created in Japan (as opposed to China); Japanese-made kanji
satellite country; satellite state
(former) Eastern Bloc countries
government bonds for retail investors
Country of Na (a country that existed within Japan during the Yayoi period)
constituent country; constituent nation
Korean (TV) drama; K-drama
Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea); DPRK
national health insurance
Japanese philology; Japanese linguistics
United Nations resolution; UN resolution
taste for the exotic; infatuation with a foreign way of life; exoticism
quasi-national park; national park designated by the government but managed by a prefecture
international agreement; accord
signatory nation; treaty power; party to a treaty; contracting state
province of the second highest rank (ritsuryō system); provinces close to the capital
government; administration
foreign athlete; foreign player
Shikoku region (incl. Tokushima, Kagawa, Ehime and Kochi prefectures)
dual nationality; dual citizenship
bilateral relations; relationship between two countries
El Dorado; legendary land of wealth
non-member state; non-member nation
one-state socialism (Stalinist theory); socialism in one country
departure inspection (when leaving a country)
Japanese language (as a school subject in Japan)
each language; every language
re-entry (into a country)
Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport
Republic of Korea Armed Forces
cosmopolitan (international) way of thinking; feeling for the wider world
(group of) foreigners; foreign contingent; foreign participants; foreign competitors; foreign players; foreign teams
International Court of Justice; ICJ
country of origin (of goods)
(arch.) provincial governor's office; provincial governorate (beginning in the late Heian period)
national currency; domestic currency; local currency
international friendly match
United Nations member; UN member state
Arab countries; Arab states
disease affecting an entire nation
parliamentary investigation rights
Iwanami Kokugo Jiten (Japanese dictionary published by Iwanami Shoten)
Great Patriotic War (Russian name for the war along the eastern front during World War II)
Islamic State; IS; Islamic State of Iraq and Syria; ISIS; Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant; ISIL
defense minister; defence minister
the people of all nations
(national) isolationism; isolation policy
international balance of payments
Imperial Japanese Navy (1872-1945)
national review; national referendum on the appointment or re-appointment of Supreme Court judges, held at the same time as general elections to the House of Representatives
cold country; cold region
poor country; third world country; impoverished nation
international driving permit; international drivers' license; international license
pilgrimage of the Saigoku-Sanjūsansho (33 temples in the Kinki region)
Mughal Empire; Mogul Empire
internationally minded person; cosmopolitan; cosmopolite; international celebrity
inexpensive hotel operated by a local government
patriotic group or organization (organisation)
citizen's holiday; by law, any weekday that falls between two other national holidays (e.g. September 22, falling between Respect the Elderly Day and the Autumn Equinox Holiday)
government news; state-run news
National Institute of Infectious Diseases; NIID
nationalization; nationalisation
Republic of Turkey; Republic of Türkiye
Democratic Republic of the Congo
various languages; several languages
universal health insurance; universal healthcare
Dhrtarastra (Buddhist deity)
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources; IUCN
host country (e.g. for a meeting); chair country
making a country a world destination; making a country a top international tourist destination
popular movement; citizens' campaign; national movement
shrine honoring war dead; shrine honouring war dead
civilized world; civilised world
shift to domestic production; import substitution
one's debt to one's country
international exposition; world expo; world fair
Shikoku pilgrimage (to the 88 temples); Shikoku pilgrim
gross domestic product; GDP
least developed country; poorest country
most favored nation treatment; most favoured nation status
foreign route; ocean route
government-run television; public television
warm country; warm region
Gendai Kokugo Reikai Jiten (Japanese dictionary published by Shogakukan)
Sixteen Kingdoms (collection of sovereign states in and around China; 304-439 CE); Sixteen Kingdoms period
nuclear power; nuclear state
member country of the executive committee in an international organization (organisation)
Buddhist country; the land of Buddha; Buddhist paradise
unfailing devotion to one's country; (lit.) serving one's country for seven lives
International Criminal Court; ICC
International PEN (International Association of Poets, Playwrights, Editors, Essayists and Novelists)
patriotic song; The Patriotic Song (e.g. Aegukga, national anthem of South Korea)
International Committee of the Red Cross
democratic state; (a) democracy
Republic of Venice (697-1797)
deficit-covering (government) bond
once-powerful nation now in decline; great nation grown old
government of national unity; national unity cabinet
returnee; homecomer; person who has returned (home) to their country
United Nations Secretariat
Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (2010-); Geographical Survey Institute (1949-2010)
British Broadcasting Corporation; BBC
international language; world language; global lingua franca; constructed international auxiliary language (e.g. Esperanto)
international broadcast(ing)
State Council (of the People's Republic of China)
international contribution; contributing to the wider world
Nordic countries; Scandinavian countries
bilingual; in two languages
gross national product; GNP
national research and development agency
United Nations Security Council
dual monarchy; Austria-Hungary; Austro-Hungarian Empire
National Foundation Day (national holiday; February 11)
United Nations organ; UN organ
annexation of Korea (by Japan; 1910-1945)
International Olympic Committee; IOC
place names used during the ritsuryō period
national textbooks; textbook published by the government
world exposition; international exposition; world fair
National Commission on Educational Reform; National Commission on Education Reform; National Congress for Educational Reform; National Council on Educational Reform
88 temples of Shikoku (holy spots related to Kobo Daishi)
German Democratic Republic; East Germany
UN Charter; Charter of the United Nations
creditor country; creditor nation
junior citizen; young citizen
foreign residents of Japan; foreigners living in Japan
foreign correspondents' club
hired foreigner; foreign advisor hired by the Japanese government for their specialized knowledge to assist in the modernization of Japan at the end of the Bakufu and during the Meiji Era
non-permanent member (UN Security Council)
(border) entry restrictions
Islamic country; Islamic nation
international military tribunal
acquisition of nationality; naturalization
Defense Intelligence Agency; DIA
Kuna-koku; ancient Japanese state thought to have existed during the late Yayoi period as a rival to Yamatai-koku
British person; British citizen; Briton
Shikoku pilgrimage (to the 88 temples); Shikoku pilgrim
Meikyo Kokugo Jiten (Japanese dictionary published by Taishukan)
Rikkokushi; six national histories of Japan compiled in the Nara and Heian periods
subject nation; subordinate state; dependency
international film festival
choice of nationality; choice of citizenship
Gulf states; states bordering the Persian Gulf
Model United Nations; Model UN
woman so glamorous as to bring ruin to a country (castle) as its king (lord) is captivated by her beauty; femme fatale
xenophobia; exclusion (of foreigners)
university of foreign studies; university specializing in foreign languages
Bank for International Settlements; BIS
Secretary-General of the United Nations
United Arab Emirates; UAE
government-controlled corporation
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (of China; 907-979)
state examination (esp. for qualifying as a doctor, dentist, nurse, etc.)
foreign good; foreign product
Defense Intelligence Agency (USA)
Shinmeikai Kokugo Jiten (Japanese dictionary published by Sanseido)
policy of increasing national prosperity and military power
member countries (e.g. treaty, UN, etc.); member states
signatory (country); party (to a treaty)
province of the lowest rank (ritsuryō system); (arch.) leaving for the provinces
South Korean national residing in Japan (esp. one who came to Japan before 1945 or a descendant of such a person)
Interscholastic Athletic Meet; inter-school athletics competition
National Consumer Affairs Center of Japan; JCIC
United Mexican States (Mexico)
government-financed or sponsored foreign student
National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics; NINJAL; Kokken
National Institute of Health Sciences; NIHS
National Archives of Japan
International Military Tribunal for the Far East; IMTFE; Tokyo Trials
Latin Empire (Constantinople, 1204-1261)
Indian Empire; British Raj
history of Japanese literature
International Monetary Fund; IMF
international romantic relationship
Islamic countries; Islamic world
international politics (as a field of study)
member state of the European Union; EU country
Federal Republic of Germany; Federal Republic of Germany (1949-1990); West Germany
all things have the Buddha nature
foreign school; school for foreigners; international school
daimyo with a domain of one or more provinces (Edo period)
policy favouring major powers; policy of great powers favorable only to themselves
Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act
Kuomintang; KMT; Chinese Nationalist Party
unavailability of online content or services in one's country (e.g. due to licensing agreements); geo-blocking
international cooking; international cuisine; fusion food
thirty-three temples in the Kinki area containing statues of Kannon (Avalokitesvara)
International Council for Science; ICSU
translation from a foreign language into Japanese
Volkssturm (national militia established by Nazi Germany during the last months of World War II)
national treatment; treating foreigners and locals equally
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; USSR; Soviet Union
Republic of the Philippines
International Whaling Commission; IWC
returning to one's fatherland; reversion to Japan; return to Japan
multiple citizenship; multiple nationality
English, mathematics and Japanese (as school subjects)
national of a third country; foreigner resident in Japan (esp. Chinese and Korean)
biographical notes and character sketches of prominent individuals, arranged according to place of birth or origin
one country, two systems (Chinese policy allowing for areas such as Hong Kong to maintain their own economic and administrative systems)
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; UK
National High School Baseball Tournament (held annually in August at Koshien Stadium); Summer Koshien
Japanese National Railways (1949-1987)
International Christian University
holder of multiple (e.g. dual) citizenships; dual national; dual citizen
Japan Institute of Sports Sciences (JISS)
International Astronomical Union: IAU
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Kyoto National Museum of Modern Arts; National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto
international organization
UN Food and Agriculture Organization (Organisation); FAO
country one is staying in
Department of Homeland Security; DHS
FIFA; Fédération Internationale de Football Association; International Federation of Football Association
international unit; SI unit; IU
party to an entente; ally
International Finance Bureau
government-managed park; national government park
country in conflict; war-torn country
international maritime signal flags; international signal flag
Venice International Film Festival
foreign TV or radio personality (in Japan)
alien registration; registration of foreigners
national event; event that is enjoyed nationwide; event with nationwide popularity
disembarkation card; entry card; arrival card; immigration card; landing card; incoming passenger card
Great Qing Empire (China; 1644-1912); Qing dynasty
country involved in a conflict; belligerent state
Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act
home and country; state; country; home town
foreign corporation; overseas company
domestic terrorism; terrorism in one's own country
Shimonoseki campaign (1863-1864); Shimonoseki bombardment
General Headquarters (office of the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers; 1945-1952); GHQ
International Mathematical Olympiad
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; UNESCO
Principality of Liechtenstein
Socialist Republic of Vietnam
American Bible Society; ABS
international tension; international tensions
international cultural exchange
mail from abroad; foreign mail; overseas mail
domestic commerce; internal trade
International Agency for Research on Cancer; IARC
King of Na gold seal (National Treasure of Japan)
state-owned enterprise; SOE
United Nations Children's Fund; UNICEF
debtor nation; debt-laden country; debtor country
protectorate (country); dependency; dependent state
national interests and the people's welfare
provincial governorate (beginning in the late Heian period)
national citizen identification number system
emperor-centered historiography (of Japan)
international political economy
Patriotic War (Russian name for the war with Napoleon in 1812)
national law; laws of a nation; national rites and ceremonies; Japanese literature
ordinary national road; non-expressway national road
United Nations Conference on the Human Environment
Koreans residing in Japan (esp. those who came to Japan before 1945 and their descendants); Zainichi Koreans
alien registration card; foreigner registration card
international reply-paid coupon
International Atomic Energy Agency; IAEA
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; KSA
United Nations Secretariat
Society for the Study of Japanese Language
(a woman of) unparalleled beauty; (a woman's beauty being) matchless throughout the land
internationally protected animal
prospects of a country; outlook for a country; national fate
Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (in Japan); SCAP
underdeveloped country; half-civilized country; half-civilised country
National Cancer Institute (US); NCI
those who wish to rule the land must first cultivate their own characters, then manage their families, then govern their states; only then can they bring peace to the land
underdeveloped country; developing country
International Association of Athletics Federations; IAAF
official name of a country
foreign loan; foreign debt; foreign bond
General Headquarters, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (1945-1952); GHQ
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees; UNHCR
National Institute on Aging
domestic; of domestic manufacture
Nazism; national socialism
national humiliation; national disgrace
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
gross national income; GNI
international money transfer; overseas remittance
National Institute of Nutrition
Hellenic Republic (Greece)
worrying about the conditions of the country out of sheer patriotism
state indemnity; state compensation
province of Japan (under the ritsuryō system)
UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
principle (or ideology) of international cooperation
National Revolutionary Army (Republic of China; 1925-1947)
state sponsor of terrorism
International Swimming Federation; FINA
domestic timber; domestically produced lumber
domestically produced rice
Berlin International Film Festival
International Sports Federation
international driving permit; international driver's license
debt-servicing costs; expenditure for servicing government bonds
reservation of Japanese nationality (procedure used with children born outside Japan)
UN Charter clauses concerning former enemy states; former enemy state clauses
most favored nation; most favoured nation; MFN
(Japanese) National Land Agency
national; citizen; native
international humanitarian law; IHL
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
United Nations University (abbr.); UN University; UNU
(major) nuclear power (i.e. one of the five NPT-designated nuclear weapon states)
(school) admission category for students who have lived abroad
enfranchisement of foreign residents; voting rights for foreign residents
regional power; powerful nation within region
Association of National Universities; National University Association
Congo Free State (1885-1908 name of the Belgian Congo)
Orange Free State (1854-1902)
Irish Free State (1922-1937)
private international law; conflict of laws
certificate of alien registration; alien registration card
Yokohama National University (abbr)
financial contributions to the UN made by member-nations
Yokohama National University
National Taiwan University
Immigration Services Agency (of Japan); Immigration Bureau of Japan
Britannica International Encyclopedia
former imperial university
Japanese Bankers Association
multilateral conference; multilateral negotiations
home currency rate; denominated in local currency
LDP's National Defense Division
nationwide instantaneous alert system; J-Alert system; satellite-based early warning system used in Japan
NHK Kara Kokumin wo Mamoru Tō (political party); NHK Party
white-listed country; country on a list of preferred trading partners
Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries; OAPEC
Nihon Ryōiki (Heian-period collection of Buddhist stories)
real gross domestic product; real GDP
day of national humiliation (used in China for certain anniversaries of incidents where Japan humiliated China)
(border) entry restrictions
United Republic of Tanzania
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
National Front (political party)
gross real national product; real GNP; RGNP
Japanese grammar (esp. traditional)
industrialized countries; industrialised countries
International University of Health and Welfare
out of touch with the voters; indifferent to the concerns of the people
Zenkoku Suiheisha (Burakumin rights organization; 1922-1942); National Levelers' Association
Frankfurt National Assembly (1848-1849)
studying (temporarily) at another institution (in the same country as the institution one belongs to); studying or researching at an institution while still employed
National Land Use Planning Act
United Nations convention
imported rice; foreign rice
World Organisation for Animal Health; Office International des Epizooties; OIE
General Headquarters, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (1945-1952); GHQ
militarization (of a country); militarisation
National Institute for Educational Research
Democratic National Committee (US); DNC
United Nations Development Program; UNDP
General Conference of Weights and Measures; Conference General des Poides et Mesures
global roaming (mobile telephone); international roaming
International Baccalaureate; IB
country closed to information from the outside world
receiving country; receiving state; host nation
National Library of Medicine; NLM
international parcel post (Japan Post international mail service for packages weighing less than 30 kg)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations; ASEAN
international financial market
The British Academy; The Academy
United Nations Children's Fund; UNICEF
American Association for the Advancement of Science; AAAS
small country with a small population (The Chinese philosopher Lao-tze's ideal of a state)
Nara National Cultural Properties Research Institute
National Institute for Environmental Studies
International Hydrographic Organization
National Land Use Planning Act
Constitutional Nationalist Party (1910-1922)
Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty (1910)
friendly powers; treaty powers
Republic of Equatorial Guinea
Department of Homeland Security (US); DHS
Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan)
Islamic republic (Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Mauritania)
National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics; NINJAL; Kokken
International Commission on Radiological Protection; ICRP
American National Standards Institute; ANSI
worrying about the conditions of the country out of sheer patriotism
international waters; high seas
international service; international affairs
international monitoring team; IMT; international observers
Federation Aeronautique Internationale; International Aeronautical Federation; FAI
the question of national defense (defence)
treaty power; treaty signatory
International Labor Organization (ILO)
national referendum law; Act on Procedures for Amendment of the Constitution of Japan
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America; PNAS
National Requisition Ordinance (1939)
United Nations Associations Test of English; UNATE
Federative Republic of Brazil
British disease (Britain's economic and labour problems in the 1970s)
governing a nation and providing relief to people
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees; UNHCR
country that has been a victim of nuclear bombing
shrine receiving offerings from the provincial government (pre-Meiji) or the national treasury (post-Meiji)
state-run television station
International System of Units; SI
United Nations Environment Programme (Program); UNEP
International Trade Organization
enemy state clauses (of the UN Charter)
international disaster relief team; international emergency aid unit
woman so glamorous as to bring ruin to a country (castle) as its king (lord) is captivated by her beauty; femme fatale
International Standard Book Number; ISBN
international comparison; country-by-country comparison
stubborn person; obstinate person
National Railway Workers' Union (abbr)
Japan International Cooperation Agency (1974); JICA
foreigner complex; (supposed) Japanese feeling of inferiority towards foreigners (particularly Westerners)
departure card; embarkation card; emigration card
visa residence status covering technology, humanities and international services
high-quality tobacco produced in Kokubu (Kagoshima prefecture)
domestic corporation; corporation established under domestic law
National University Corporation Act
United Nations Human Rights Council; UNHRC
International Women's Day
Shikoku Women's University
United Nations Human Rights Council (abbr); UNHRC
Teikoku Women's University
National People's Congress (of the People's Republic of China); NPC
Osaka International University for Women
foreign tourists to Japan
United Nations Human Rights Council; UNHRC
International Sign (pidgin sign language); IS
departure tax; expatriation tax; emigration tax; exit tax
National Chung Cheng University
one country, two systems (Chinese policy)
National Sun Yat-sen University; NSYSU
National Chung Hsing University
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (Japanese dictionary published by Shogakukan) (abbr)
People's Republic of Bangladesh
Greater Japan Patriotic Party
multilingual; in many languages
Osaka International University
American Civil Liberties Union; ACLU
American Association for Artificial Intelligence
United Nations Conference on the Human Environment
foreign stock ownership ratio; foreign stockholding ratio
Osaka University of Foreign Studies
National Union of General Workers (abbr.); NUGW
Higashi Nippon International University
Toyohashi University of Technology
United Nations Human Rights Commission
Tsukuba International University
International League for Human Rights
defense outlay; defense spending
National Chiao Tung University; NCTU
foreign trainee system; technical intern training program
departure permit; exit visa
national traits; national character
All Japan Magazine and Book Publisher's and Editor's Association; AJPEA
International Covenants on Human Rights; ICCPR; International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; ICESCR
Export-Import Bank of the United States; EIB
Export-Import Bank of Korea
United Nations University; UN University; UNU
United Nations Commission on Human Rights
international division of labor; international division of labour; international specialization
International Women's Day
National Yang-Ming University
International Union of Local Authorities
Temps Atomique International; International Atomic Time; TAI
International Publishers Association
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
International Student Association of Japan
person reentering a country
people's democratic republic
People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Private International Law Association of Japan
International Telecommunication Union; ITU
National Cheng Kung University; NCKU
American Meteorological Society; AMS
least developed country; LDC
National Defense University
Regional Banks Association of Japan
(Niigata) University of International and Information Studies
National Chengchi University
International College for Postgraduate Buddhist Studies
National Tsing Hua University; NTHU
people's socialist republic
Kokushi Taikei (history text; orig. ed. by Taguchi Ukichi, pub. 1897-1904; rev. ed. by Kuroita Katsumi, pub. 1929-1964)
Japan Cartographers Association
United Nations Human Rights Council; UNHRC
Japan Mini Vehicles Association
Japan Domestic Airlines (1964-1971)
Nagasaki International University
gross national expenditure; GNE
United Nations Security Council
Japanese National Commission for UNESCO
Nagasaki University of Foreign Studies
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights; OHCHR
Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication; SWIFT
Shikoku Gakuin University
least developed countries; LDC
Korean Residents Union in Japan; Mindan
physical delivery country name
Kōbe International University
policy of alignment with the United Nations; UN-centrism
Kobe University of Foreign Studies
Foreign Automobile Importers Association; Faia
Japan Association for International Education
National Federation of Employees' Pensioners' Associations
Kaichi International University
International Budo University
Japan International Education Society; JIES
American Society for Microbiology
local government code; standard area code
Heisei International University
National College of Nursing
China Chamber of International Commerce; CCOIC
Nagoya University of Foreign Studies
United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Akita International University
International Union of Physiological Sciences
national highway; national expressway; national motorway
Kansai International University
Japan Association of Colleges for Business Education
school student who has returned to Japan after living abroad
Kansai University of Foreign Studies
assistant language teacher; ALT; foreign national serving as an assistant teacher of English in a Japanese classroom
dynamics of international (foreign) relations
American Institute of Physics; AIP
American Psychological Association
UN Economic and Social Council
United Nations Economic and Social Council
International Federation of National Standardization (pn)
American Automobile Association
Kingdom of the Netherlands
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Hiroshima International University
Community Bank Shinyo Kumiai
Council of Local Authorities for International Relations; CLAIR
immigration detention center
Japan Association of National University Libraries; JANUL
national disposable income
National Kaohsiung Normal University; NKNU
Kyoto University of Foreign Studies
Industrial College of the Armed Forces
Confederate States of America
Kibi International University
International Plant Growth Substance Association; IPGSA
International Nuclear Event Scale; INES
Central Japan International Airport Co., Ltd.; CJIAC
Toyama University of International Studies
international criminal law
US mainland; American mainland
dual citizen; person having dual citizenship or nationality
Japan Wagashi Association
Josai International University
United Nations Secretary-General
medium-term government securities fund; middle term national bond fund
Liberal National Congress (part of the LDP); JKK
UN Special Session on Children
International Association of Applied Psychology
Kobe City University of Foreign Studies
Miyazaki International University
Foreign Correspondents' Club of Japan
overseas (military forces)
Hagoromo University of International Studies
American Geographical Society; AGS
Daito Bunka University, Tokai University, Asia University, Teikyo University and Kokushikan University (or Kokugakuin University) (group of similarly ranked private universities in Tokyo)
Tokyo International University
Kokugakuin Junior College
National Issues Forum; NIF
International Institute of Administrative Sciences
Suzuka International University
National Welfare Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives
National Museum of Natural Science
Japan Bank for International Cooperation; JBIC
National Futures Association
National Association of Racing
Kyūshuu International University
International Phonetic Association
International Peace Cooperation Headquarters
black-listed country (e.g. trade)
Commonwealth of The Bahamas
Federation Internationale de l'Automobile; FIA
Fukuoka International University
Korean Residents Union in Japan (former name)
Niigata University of International and Information Studies
International Temperature Scale; ITS
Sapporo International University
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; OPEC
Aikoku Gakuen Junior College
Okinawa International University; OIU
American Society for Cell Biology; ASCB
Yachiyo International University
National Taiwan Normal University
Credit Union National Association, Inc.; CUNA
International Maritime Organization; IMO
International Electrotechnical Commission; IEC
St. Luke's International University
Ministry of National Defense (China)
National Federation of Agricultural Co-operative Associations
Public Health Emergency of International Concern (formal WHO declaration); PHEIC
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
International Confederation of Free Trade Unions; ICFTU
International Stroke Society
Japanese National Railways Settlement Corporation; JNR SC
Small Island Developing States; SIDS
National University of Defense Technology
UN University Institute of Advanced Studies; UNU-IAS
Hiroshima Kokusai Gakuin University
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute; KAERI
two-country model (esp. China and Taiwan); two-country doctrine
Japanese Red Cross Kyushu International College of Nursing
Banque Centrale des Etas de l'Afrique de l'Ouset
Japan Institute of International Affairs
net domestic product; NDP
International Institute for Mining Technology, JMEC; MINETEC
UN Correspondents Association
International Telecommunications Satellite Organization; ITSO
Nagasaki Prefectural University of International Economics
national development arterial expressway
Association of American Medical Colleges; AAMC
International Union of Students
American Thoracic Society; ATS
Meiji University of Integrative Medicine
National Association of Prefectural Credit Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives
International Association for Suicide Prevention
Professional Institute of International Fashion
Independent State of Samoa
Independent State of Papua New Guinea
The International University of Kagoshima
International Congress of Pharmacology
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime; UNODC
International Federation of Automatic Control
General Assembly of the United Nations; United Nations General Assembly
International Sociological Association
variable interest rate government bonds
International Japanese Education Center; IJEC
Japan Association for Language Teaching; JALT
International Shinto Foundation; ISF
entry into a country by a non-resident foreign national
Sanseido Kokugo Jiten (Japanese dictionary published by Sanseido) (abbr)
National Railway Motive Power Union
being well-informed about international affairs; person well-informed about international affairs
Shitennōji International Buddhist University
International Coalition of Fisheries Associations; ICFA
National Farmers' Organization
Japan Attorneys Pension Fund
Humane Society of the United States
Union Cycliste Internationale; UCI
International Library of Children's Literature
United Nations Climate Change Conference; Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; COP
tour guide-interpreter; tour guide licensed for guiding foreigners in Japan
Commemorative Association for the Japan World Exposition
American College of Pathologists
Comprehensive National Development Plan (1962-)
(immigration) re-entry permit
International Musicological Society
Shanghai Institute for International Studies
American Accounting Association
Community of Portuguese Language Countries; CPLP
American Bankers Association; ABA
International Serials Data System; ISDS
Order of the British Empire
Japan Musical Instruments Association
National Farmers Union; NFU
International Code of Zoological Nomenclature; ICZN
Congress of the International Headache Society; IHC; International Headache Society; IHS
Geological Society of America; GSA
positive international law
Federation Internationale Pharmaceutique; International Pharmaceutical Federation
net national product; NNP
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Commemorative Organization for the Japan World Exposition '70
World Federation of Exchanges
UN Association of the United States of America; UNA-USA
International Union of Geological Sciences
National Trade Union Confederation (1930-1936)
National Association of Shinkin Banks
National Federation Of Industrial Organizations (1949-1988); FIO
International Telephone & Telegraph Corporation
National Institute of Health (former)
Association for the Promotion of International Trade, Japan
International Animal Health & Management College; IAC
nationwide election campaign
National School Establishment Act
Britain's Royal Society of Medicine
L'Association Internationale des Etudiants en Sciences Economiques et Commercial
National Institution for Youth Education
Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic; ASSR
Oriental Republic of Uruguay
Tourism-based Country Promotion Basic Act
All Japan High School Athletic Federation
sale of one's belongings before returning to one's country; sayonara sale
National Institute of Informatics; NII
International Federation for Victory over Communism (group affiliated with the former Unification Church)
World Confederation of Labour (Labor)
Supreme Court of the United States of America; SCOTUS
millenarianism; millennialism; chiliasm
KDD; Kokusai Denshin Denwa
UN regional cartographic conference
advanced industrial nation
Multinational Investment Guarantee Agency
UN Disengagement Observer Force; UNDOF
American Academy of Neurology
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals; ASPCA
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
United Nations Development Programme
Union Internationale des Chemins de Fer
Comite Consultatif International des Radiocommunications; CCIR
Chiba International Animal Health & Management College
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
International Society of Internal Medicine
Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health
American College of Surgeons; ACS
International Colour Association; AIC
National Institute on Drug Abuse; NIDA
National Institute of Polar Research; NIPR
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
public sector (as opposed to private sector)
US Pharmacopeial Convention
International Phonetic Alphabet; IPA
World Federation of United Nations Associations
International Society of Hypertension
Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly
United Nations Special Commission; UNSCOM
Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; KRIBB
UN Relief and Works Agency
United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East; UNRWA
Foreign Exchange Control Law
International Association of Classification Societies
authorized foreign exchange bank; authorised foreign exchange bank
American Public Health Association
International Society for Contemporary Music; ISCM
International Co-operative Alliance
International Solidarity Movement; ISM
Association of International Instructors; AII; US YMCA diving education system founded 1959
National School for Children with Disabilities
Association for Promotion of International Cooperation
UN Research Institute for Social Development
very cosmopolitan; very international
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; NIEHS
British Royal Gardening Society
Japanese Association for International Accounting Studies
International Gymnastics Federation
international peace cooperation
staunchly conservative area; (lit.) kingdom of conservatism
National Trade Union Council
Mathematical Linguistic Society of Japan
foreign stock; foreign equity
International Phonetic Alphabet; IPA
United Nations Department of Global Communications; UNDGC
Japan Society of International Economics; JSIE
the Royal Academy of Arts (UK); The Academy
country of residence; jurisdiction of residence
American Society of Hypertension; ASH
The Chicago International Language School; CILS
pseudo-foreign company; company based abroad but whose main country of business is Japan
International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee; CCITT
Japanese Council of Social Welfare
International Mobile Satellite Organization; IMSO
International Association for the Study of Pain; IASP
international peace activity
China International Trust and Investment Corporation
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
overseas posting; expatriate (employee); expat
National Institute of Economic and Social Research
International Neuro-Ophthalmology Society; INOS
British Educational Communications and Technology Agency
International Cycling Union; UCI
international marketing; global marketing
international ePacket (Japan Post international airmail service for packages weighing less than 2 kg)
international couple; transnational couple; couple with different nationalities
International Chamber of Commerce; ICC
American Society of Civil Engineers; ASCE
Federation of International Musicians
American Academy of Pediatrics; AAP
Act on General Rules for National Taxes
National Institute of Special Education; NISE
Association Internationale pour la Protection de la Propriete Industrielle; International Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property; AIPPI
National Technical College
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
a country ruled by a prince or by a monarch with another title considered to fall under the generic meaning of the term prince
American Association of Public Accountants
National Museum of Western Art; NMWA
National Life Finance Corporation
International Federation of Accountants; IFAC
Gendai Kokugo Reikai Jiten (Japanese dictionary published by Shogakukan) (abbr)
UN Truce Supervision Organization
International Cultural Association
American Economics Association
Comite International des Poids et Measures; International Committee of Weights and Measures
Enforcement Regulation of the Nationality Act
National Library of Korea
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; AAOS
International Congress of Inflammation
Transparency International
issues pertaining to a nation's script (e.g. standardization of kanji in Japanese)
American Water Works Association; AWWA
century of humiliation (in Chinese history)
Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage; CIE
Korean studies; Koreanology
National Institute for Leprosy Research
official languages of the UN (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish)
National Agricultural Library
International Industrial Relations Association
Organisation of the Islamic Conference
Institute of International Education
International Association of Music Libraries, Archives and Documentation Centres; IAML
issues pertaining to a nation's script (e.g. standardization of kanji in Japanese)
Plurinational State of Bolivia
International Society of Nephrology; ISN
International Professional University of Technology in Tokyo
International Football Association Board; IFAB
International Cricket Council; ICC
American Academy of Ophthalmology
Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare
International Broadcasting Institute
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
US Agency for International Development; USAID
American Political Science Association
Insurance Institute for Highway Safety
national health insurance
US National Library of Medicine; NLM
International Standard Serial Number; ISSN
British Geological Survey; BGS
National Institute of Environmental Pollution Research (pn)
Japan International Trading Cooperation Organization; JITCO
US Geological Survey; USGS
National Research Institute of Cultural Properties
Co-operative Republic of Guyana
International Social Security Association
UN Special Session on Disarmament
Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law
International Patent Institute
Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales
interest-bearing government bonds
International Democratic Union
American Geological Institute
American Institute of Architecture
Science and International Affairs Bureau
National Railway Workers' Union
American College of Dentists; ACD
Human Genome Organization; HUGO
Japan Society of Research and Information on Public and Co-operative Economy; Japan CIRIEC
Kokushikan University (abbr)
Institute of International Finance; IIF
Organisation internationale de metrologie legale; International Organization of Legal Metrology; OIML
INPEX (Japanese petroleum company)
International Academy of Astronautics
domestic locations (e.g. of a company); domestic bases
American Chemistry Council; ACC
Soviet Socialist Republic; SSR
Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic; Georgian SSR; GSSR
International Union of Forestry Research Organizations
British and Foreign Bible Society
foreign direct investment; FDI
American College of Nutrition; ACN
American National Archives
United Nations Environment Program; UNEP
American Society of Nephrology; ASN
National Health Insurance evasion (using a false employment status)
Society of International Education and Cultural Exchange; SIENCE
domestic standard; local standard
Korea Composite Stock Price Index; KOSPI
Shikoku Branch Administrative Inspection Bureau
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Kokumin Shinto; People's New Party (Japanese political party)
Honshu-Shikoku Bridge Authority; HSBA
International Police Association; IPA
Association of American Railroads; AAR
Mita International School (abbr)
Foreign Exchange and Foreign Control Trade Law
United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon; UNIFIL
Okazaki National Research Institutes; ONRI
National Tax Tribunal (Japan)
super-long-term government bond (with a maturity of over ten years)
International Kendo Federation
Universal Character Set; UCS
Director General of National Land Agency
National Institute for Education Policy Research
National Institute for Educational Policy Research
Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
Thai Airways International
based on a nation's people; popular base
proletarian internationalism
Ottoman constitution of 1876
Korea Industrial Safety Corporation; Korea Occupational Safety and Health Administration
feudal lord who did not leave his domains to meet the shogun in Kyoto (during the Muromachi period)
International Institute of Refrigeration
American Bar Association; ABA
Iwanami Kokugo Jiten (Japanese dictionary published by Iwanami Shoten) (abbr)
Argentina; (United States of) America
National Sleep Foundation
National Cardiovascular Center
Japan National Tourist Organization (JNTO)
American College of Radiation Oncology; ACRO
United Nations Emergency Force
International Institute for Management Development; IMD
isolation paradise (esp. unique products without foreign competition)
reform of the Japanese script
National Tax Violations Control Act
international aid organization (organisation)
International Trade Marks Association; INTA
Association of International Educational Exchange; AiEE
customary international law
peninsular country (e.g. Italy, Korea)
Republic of Guinea-Bissau
Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
Co-operative Republic of Guyana
Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
Republic of Niger; Republic of the Niger
Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Islamic Republic of Mauritania
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
flag state (of a vessel or aircraft)
International Year of the Child
Tokyo National Research Institute of Cultural Properties
British Standards Institute; BSI
International Science and Technology Exposition
internally displaced person
Planned Parenthood Federation of America
International Nursing Foundation of Japan
Institute of International Education in London; IIEL
MPAA; American Film Institute; AFI
Shikoku Chemicals Corporation
Federation equestre internationale
International Phonetic Alphabet; IPA
Institute for National Policy Research
International Sumo Federation (highest body in amateur sumo)
American Petroleum Institute; API
International Iron and Steel Institute; IISI
American Library Association
small-scale version of the 88 temples of Shikoku (Awaji Island, Shōdoshima, etc.)
International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions; IFLA
International Institute for Environment and Development
Special Air Service; Special Air Service Regiment
American Hospital Association; AHA
Japan International Cooperation Agency; JICA
West Point military-academy
Korea Train Express (South Korean bullet train service); KTX
American Arbitration Association; AAA
National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management; NILIM
International Society of Pharmaceutical Engineering; ISPE
UN Institute for Disarmament Research
Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd.; KIAC
kana orthography (esp. historical) of native Japanese words
international bibliography
high contracting powers; signatories
National Government Asset Act
New Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd.
International Association of Ports and Harbors
International Prototype of the Kilogram; IPK
Haiku international association
national health insurance program (programme)
Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe
Kukkiwon; World Taekwondo Headquarters
country of origin labeling; COOL
International Federation of the Red Cross; IFRC
International Dairy Foods Association
International Judo Federation; IJF
UN Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission; UNMOVIC
Korean Standards Association; KSA
Foundation for Advancement of International Science
Department of Homeland Security; DHS
International Plant Genetic Resources Institute; IPGRI
domestic equilibrium; internal balance; internal equilibrium
International Organization for Standardization; ISO
denationalization (industry, company, etc.)
International Institute for Educational Planning
International Phonetic Alphabet; IPA
International Sugar Organization
International Federation of Red Cross
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
Korean Institute of Science and Technology
Public Services International
Federal Republic of Somalia
Federal Republic of Nigeria
Republic of the Union of Myanmar
Federation of Arab Republics
International Tropical Timber Organization
International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities; IALA
Global Legislators Organization for a Balanced Environment
American Society for Testing Materials; ASTM
international auxiliary language
Shikoku National Industrial Research Institute
Shikoku National Industrial Research Institute
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
International Agency for Research on Cancer; IARC
National Tax Collection Act
Institute for International Economics
Assistant Secretary of State
international standardization
Korean Traders' Association
International Reagents Corporation
International Institute of Agriculture
British Trust for Ornithology; BTO
International Food Policy Research Institute; IFPRI
international contract (agreement)
Kokumin Shinto; People's New Party (Japanese political party)
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (pn)
Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (East Timor)
worthy of being a national treasure; national-treasure class; exceptionally outstanding; peerless; one of a kind
An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Adam Smith, 1776); The Wealth of Nations
native state (of pre-independence India); princely state
state-owned forests and fields
foreign postal money order
Democratic Party for the People; DPFP; DPP
NHK Kara Kokumin wo Mamoru Tō (political party); NHK Party
International Transport Workers' Federation; ITF
Partai Nasional Indonesia
Republic of North Macedonia
international arrest warrant
National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management (abbr); NILIM
National Enterprise Labor Relations Law
Universal Copyright Convention
International Institute for Labour Study
foreign tax amount reduction
New Tokyo International Airport Authority
saving a nation and providing relief to the people
internationally protected bird
loss of citizenship; denaturalization; expatriation
National Life Finance Corporation (1949-2008)
provincial governor's office
Toda Institute for Global Peace and Policy Research
British Antarctic Survey; BAS
Federation Dentaire Internationale
Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America; PhRMA
International Table Tennis Federation; ITTF
inviting country; host nation
Korea Aerospace Research Institute; KARI
national vacation village
transnational organized crime; TOC
member states of the former Soviet bloc
anniversary of Yukio Mishima's death (November 25)
Republic of the Marshall Islands
Express Mail Service (for international mail); EMS
non-oil producing countries; non-oil nation
province-district-neighbourhood administrative divisions (ritsuryō system)
International Dairy Federation
Guangdong International Trust and Investment Corporation
International Cloud Atlas
United States Military Government of the Ryukyu Islands (1945-1950)
gross national happiness (philosophy that guides the government of Bhutan); GNH
National Enterprise Board
international health regulations
U.S. postal service; UNITED STATES POST OFFICE
international jurisdiction
nationality clause; legislated ban on foreigners taking up public posts
United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands (1950-1972); USCAR
net national welfare; NNW
Charter of International Trade Organization
International Osteoporosis Foundation; IOF
United States Military Government of the Ryukyu Islands (1945-1950)
American depositary receipt; ADR
United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands (1950-1972); USCAR
finger millet (Eleusine coracana)
northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis); sweet shrimp; northern pink prawn; red shrimp; Maine shrimp
North China barbarian nations
Kokubu Station (Kagoshima)