before; prior to; ago; the past; before; previously
just before; just prior to; right in front of; just in front of
ahead; forward; (in) front; having a square front
antiquity; the previous era
prior; beforehand; in advance; before the fact; ex ante
just before; on the verge of; on the brink of; just in front of; just ahead of
previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
front and rear; front and back; before and after; around; about; order; context
condition; assumption; intention; intent; premise
advance; moving forward; progress
(weather) front; front line; the front; battlefront
before one's very eyes; under one's nose; imminence; close at hand
in the morning; during the morning
advance guard; vanguard; avant-garde; forward (player)
previous day; day before; eve; prior day; preceding day
while alive; during one's lifetime
last (i.e. immediately preceding); previous; pre- (e.g. premodern); before; before; earlier
presence (of a nobleman, the emperor, etc.); outrider (person riding horseback in the lead position of a cavalcade); My Lord; My Lady
front part; frontage; facade; initial pledge (e.g. election); opening slogan
Echizen (former province located in parts of present-day Fukui and Gifu prefectures)
before the gate; in front of the gate
unheard-of; unprecedented; unparalleled in history (unparallelled); record-breaking
(in the) presence (of); in front (of); before (someone)
forefoot; forefeet; foreleg; forelimb
omen; portent; sign; presage; harbinger; premonition
last night; the previous night; night before (Christmas, etc.); eve (of festival, major event, etc.)
important condition; basic premise; something that should be obvious to all; something that should not have to be argued; major premise (in a syllogism)
previous conviction; criminal record; previous offense; previous offence
pre-war days; before the war
aforementioned; above-mentioned
front garden; front yard; vestibule (of the ear)
front tooth; foretooth; incisor
future; prospects; outlook; journey ahead; distance yet to cover
frontmost; a short time ago; a little while ago; just now
taking back what one just said; eating one's words; negating one's previous comment, opinion, etc.
contest held in the presence of a daimyo, shogun or the Emperor; match attended by the team's owner
turning someone away (at the front door); refusing a visitor; rejecting without consideration; denying without substantial investigation; being chased away from a magistrate's office's gate (lightest punishment during the Edo period)
hors d'oeuvre; appetizer; appetiser; starter
the preceding year; the previous year; last year
advance payment; money paid in advance
precondition; prerequisite
opening performance; opening act; curtain raiser; minor performer; minor storyteller; subordinate part
antecedents; ancestor; previous position; previous existence; predecessor organization; predecessor organisation
Chikuzen (former province located in the west of present-day Fukuoka Prefecture)
having many difficulties in store; grim prospects
first term; first half-year; preceding period; early period
(preliminary) skirmish; prelude; preliminary encounter; warm-up match (e.g. before a final)
event held the night before another event; eve (of a festival) (e.g. Christmas Eve)
previous work; preceding work; previous title; first crop grown in a double-cropped field; preceding crop
frontline (military) base; forward base; outpost
desertion in the face of the enemy; deserting under enemy fire
preliminary step; first step
former (incumbent); predecessor
forward inclination (of the body); bending forward; anteversion
forward somersault; forward roll
unprecedented; record-breaking
unconsciousness; having no recollection of one's actions
Bizen (former province located in the southeast of present-day Okayama Prefecture)
with a view to marriage; with marriage in mind
last century; previous century; ancient times; old times
before god; before an altar
(so marvelous or horrible that it may be) the first and probably the last
to highlight something; to bring something to the forefront
on the brink of collapse; in a state of near-collapse
premodern; old-fashioned; outmoded; antiquated
Full speed ahead!; Full steam ahead!
first part (of a book, film, etc.); first volume; prequel
aforesaid; above-mentioned; said; above
crawling forward (on one's stomach)
Hizen (former province located in present-day Saga and Nagasaki prefectures, excluding Tsushima and Oki Islands)
previous generation; former ages
untrodden (region, field of study, etc.); unprecedented (discovery, achievement, etc.)
precarious situation; precarious state
former convict; old offender; ex-convict; person with a criminal record
Buzen (former province located in the east of present-day Fukuoka and the north of Ōita prefectures)
ex-wife; former wife; previous wife
chikuzenni; simmered chicken and vegetables; chicken stew with taro, carrot, burdock, etc.
aforementioned; above-mentioned; given above; previous
dispensing with the preliminaries ...; omitting the previous part
in the face of the enemy; before the enemy
last position; previous job; predecessor
(arch.) person of high rank; (arch.) nobleman; wife of a nobleman
first half of a game; first half of a match
preoperative (preparation, diagnosis, etc.)
preceding paragraph; first part
being on the verge of starvation; being about to starve
town originally built around a temple or shrine
front room; front parlor; lobby; anterior ventricle
Critically Endangered (conservation status); CE
the above sentence; the foregoing remark; preamble (to a statute, constitution, etc.); opening part of a letter (used for season's greetings, asking after someone's health, etc.)
preceding clause; previous paragraph; antecedent (of a ratio)
last week; the week before
two days before; day before yesterday
premarital sexual relations
predecessor; people of former times
above-mentioned; given above; previously shown
(before a) Buddhist altar; before the Buddha; offering placed on a Buddhist altar; incense money; condolatory offering
former husband; late husband
not watching where one is driving; not keeping one's eyes on the road
Former Han dynasty (of China; 206 BCE-9 CE); Western Han dynasty
outrider (person riding horseback in the lead position of a cavalcade); outriding; harbinger; herald; anticipation
previous writing; first of two books; previous letter
to occur one after another; to happen in succession
vaginal vestibule; vulvar vestibule
last month; previous month
year on year; on the previous year
premodern times; premodern era
prequel; retrospective (talk, etc.)
coming home after midnight; person who comes home after midnight
to lose one's common sense (e.g. in excitement or intoxication); to forget the situation one's in; to lose oneself (in something)
near bankruptcy; edge of bankruptcy; bumper-to-bumper
with a rosy future; offering promising prospects
preceding paragraph, section, or verse
past misdeed; past error; past folly; past sin
Rikuzen (former province located in parts of present-day Miyagi and Iwate prefectures)
you learn, without realising it, from what is around you; (lit.) a shop-boy near the temple gate (will recite sutras untaught)
same as above; ditto; ibid.
keyhole-shaped ancient Japanese tumulus
(in the work) cited; aforementioned work; op. cit. (opere citato, opus citatum)
between the devil and the deep sea; out of the frying pan into the fire; (lit.) a tiger at the front gate, a wolf at the back gate
unprecedented in history; unheard-of; epoch-making
before the spirit of the deceased
traditional Japanese wedding ceremony (usu. at a shrine or temple)
(one) before last; two before; two in front (e.g. rows)
natural; right; proper; naturally; as a matter of course; rightly
one's previous life; previous existence
funeral performed for someone while they are alive; living funeral
previous president (immediately preceding the incumbent); former president
morning session; morning trading
in front of the customer (guest, visitor, etc.); before the customer
having a long way to go; having a long road ahead of one; being a long way off; being far off
prenatal diagnosis; prenatal screening
(one's) previous marriage
landing in the face of the enemy; opposed landing
Ōoka Echizen (televised period drama; 1970-1999)
previous prime minister (immediately preceding the incumbent); former prime minister; ex-premier
nonreligious wedding ceremony; civil wedding ceremony
anterior wall; front wall
previous engagement; previous promise
may the presiders over warriors be my vanguard (nine-character charm chanted to ward off evil)
following precedent (instead of trying something new); reliance on precedent
Uzen (former province located in parts of present-day Yamagata Prefecture)
Bizen ware (type of pottery)
daughter of a person of high rank
leading edge (wing, propeller, etc.)
relic from an earlier age; something extremely outmoded; museum piece
one's previous letter; one's last letter
ibid.; the above-mentioned publication
to follow (copy after) a precedent
preparatory operations; measure taken in advance; doing the groundwork
car in front; the car ahead; preceding car
spending one night ahead (e.g. at a hotel near the airport the night before catching a flight); spending the night before
preceding issue (of a magazine, etc.); last issue; preceding item (in a legal text)
prescreen; pre-screening; prior inspection; preliminary review; pre-vetting
frontal bone (of the skull)
self-contradiction; self-inconsistency
the first half-year; first half of the year
enlargement of the prostate
prepayment; advance payment
foothills; first range of mountains
before one's birth; before one was born
Bizen sword (mid-Heian to early Kamakura periods); ancient Bizen ware (Kamakura to early Momoyama periods)
you learn, without realising it, from what is around you; (lit.) a shop-boy near the temple gate will recite sutras untaught
without considering the consequences; recklessly; imprudently; going overboard
preceding article; preceding entry
having a very promising future; offering promising prospects
advance training; prior training
compared to the same month the previous year (e.g. in statistics, sales, electricity usage)
autumn rain front; fall rain front
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
bending from the hips with the legs straight and head nearly to the ground; deep forward bow
before and after childbirth
before childbirth; prepartum; antepartum
omen; portent; sign; premonition; harbinger
front; first line; spearhead
forebrain; prosencephalon
taking the morning off; time off during the morning
preceding page; anterior pituitary
prequel; retrospective talk; (a) retrospective
abdication of an emperor (before demise)
before the spirit of the deceased
to have many visitors (of a home); to be prosperous (of a shop)
before a Buddha or a mortuary tablet; offerings made to Buddha or placed on a mortuary tablet
The Pre-Persons (Philip K Dick, 1974)
nonreligious wedding ceremony; civil wedding ceremony
prefix notation; Polish notation
advance payments; prepayment
anterior chamber (of the eyes)
year-before period; corresponding period of previous year; same period a year ago
premenstrual dysphoric disorder; PMDD
anterior cruciate ligament; ACL
foreknowledge; foresight; precognition
month-to-month basis; month-over-month
precursor; premonitory phenomena; telltale signs; advance warnings
prodrome; premonitory symptom; advance symptom
premenstrual syndrome; PMS
to withdraw from the presence (of the Emperor)
enlargement of the prostate
prepublication censorship
past life therapy; past life regression
(cherry) blossom front; flower front
antebrachial bone; forearm bone
prenuptial agreement; prenup
same period of last year; the same month a year ago; year-ago month
remedial measure; relief measure; corrective measure; countermeasure; remedy
pretrial conference procedure; pretrial proceedings
previous mention; mentioning previously
(the) aforementioned; previous matter; antecedent
porch; portico; colonnaded entranceway; ante-hall
forestomach; anterior stomach; proventriculus
noninvasive prenatal testing; NIPT
self-contradiction; self-inconsistency
compared to previous period; quarter-to-quarter basis; from the previous quarter
Tanzenburo (famous early Edo-period bathhouse)
unprecedented; unheard-of; never propounded (discovered, invented) by anyone before
advance warning; trigger warning
wheel tracks left by vehicles that have passed before
promising (rosy, bright) future; offering promising prospects
having a constant stream of visitors; being thronged with callers
underlying technology; technical premise; precursor technology
prenuptial agreement; prenup
subcritical nuclear experiment
anterior cingulate cortex
Hizen Fudoki (description of the culture, climate, etc. of Hizen province; ca. 732 CE)
conditioning regimen (prior to transplantation of bone marrow, stem cells, etc.)
subsequently; additionally
front road; road in front (of a property)
former crown prince; the late crown prince
pre-payment; advance payment
prior to death; during one's lifetime
period before the Lotus Sutra was preached; prior; before; something unripe or of inferior grade
skirmish; prefinals (in games)
relative change from last year
young old (person between 65 and 74 years old)
plantain (esp. Asian plantain, Plantago asiatica)
prodromal phase; prodrome
front view; observation car view
learn wisdom from the follies of others; learn from others' mistakes; (lit.) the toppling over of the cart in front serves as a warning for the cart behind
Braxton-Hicks contractions; practice contractions; false labor pains
a bright (rosy) future awaiting one; having the world before one
to repeat someone's mistake; to make the same mistake as one's predecessor; (lit.) to follow the ruts of a previous cart
anterior tibial muscle; musculus tibialis anterior
(a house) looking deserted with few visitors; (lit.) sparrow net in front of the gate
to be (practically) deserted; to have no visitors; (lit.) to set a sparrow net in front of the gate
remedial measure; settlement (of matters); dealing with the aftermath
front of center field; front of centre field
words and deeds of the people of yore
left-hand match; begins-with match; matching a sub-string with the beginning of a field
accessory before the fact
prior probability distribution; prior distribution; prior
orphan (one or more lines separated from the rest of the following passage by page or paragraph break)
payment in advance; advance payment; prepayment
advance purchase (e.g. fare)
period in the sixth and seventh centuries prior to the Taika reform
advance report; advance notification
prior probability distribution
the journey before one; distance one has to travel
previous company (where one worked); previous employer; previous job
Buddha prior to Gautama; Gautama Buddha; Shakyamuni
former men of wisdom and virtue
accessory before the fact
anterior capsule (ophthalmology)
skirmish; prefinal (in games)
preventive measures to reduce damage from a disaster; anticipatory disaster preparation
advance reservation required
Diet session up to the creation of the budget
advance reservations not required
forward compatible; upward compatible
anterior pituitary; pars distalis; adenohypophysis
premotor area; premotor cortex
to and fro process; back and forth process; cooperative process; collaborative process
(cherry) blossom front; flower front
forward compatibility; upward compatibility
one calamity followed close on the heels of another; out of the frying pan into the fire; (lit.) tiger in front, wolf in the back
Suizenji-nori (Aphanothece sacrum; edible freshwater algae grown in Fukuoka prefecture)
ring entering ceremony in presence of the emperor or crown prince
autumn foliage front; fall foliage front
forward handspring (gymnastics)
premenstrual syndrome; PMS
lower secondary education (e.g. middle school)
first half of extra time (in soccer)
Gozenshu (brand name for a sake)
prothoracic gland hormone
advance purchase excursion fare; APEX fare
oval window; fenestra ovalis; fenestra vestibuli
vestibular bulb; bulb of the vestibule
compound preposition; complex preposition; phrasal preposition
to repeat someone's mistake; to make the same mistake as one's predecessor; (lit.) to follow the ruts of a previous cart
previous specified element
precancerous state; premalignant state
forward arming and refueling point
forward edge of the battle area
prescribed in the preceding paragraph
foreground image; dynamic image
vestibular system; vestibular organs
compound preposition; complex preposition; phrasal preposition
lobotomy; leucotomy; frontal lobotomy; frontal leucotomy
autumn rain front; fall rain front
(being granted) the privileges of one's former (official) post
pharmacy right outside a doctor's office or hospital
between the devil and the deep sea; out of the frying pan into the fire; (lit.) a tiger at the back gate, a wolf at the front gate
anterior cingulate cortex
premenstrual dysphoric disorder; PMDD
premenstrual tension; PMT
Nomura's jellyfish (Nemopilema nomurai)
Canadian dwarf cornel (Cornus canadensis); bunchberry dogwood; crackerberry