indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
you (when referring to one's equals or inferiors)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
adds force or indicates command
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
how; in what way; how about
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
properly; accurately; exactly; neatly; tidily; orderly
earpick; ear cleaning (with an earpick)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so