honorific/polite/humble prefix
small child; pipsqueak; short person; midget; small animal; runt
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
calmly; quietly; gently; be quiet!
to make noise; to make racket; to rustle; to swoosh; to make merry; to clamor; to clamour
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
to have (e.g. lunch); to take (e.g. vitamins)
to freeze; to be frozen over; to congeal
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
salmon (Salmonidae spp.); chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
close; intimate; on good terms
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
noshi; long thin strip of dried abalone in folded patterned paper, attached to a gift
heh heh heh; tee-hee; giggle
such (about the actions of the listener, or about ideas expressed or understood by the listener); like that; that sort of
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
hut; cabin; small theatre (theater); temporary playhouse; one's own house
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
washing; laundry; relaxing; taking a break
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ghost that appears at sea during a shipwreck; something strange or suspicious; idiot; fool; noh mask for roles involving dead or ghost characters
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
tree sparrow (Passer montanus); talkative person; knowledgeable person
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need