chapter one; first chapter
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
uncertain; transient; changeable
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
chapter; section; medal; badge; insignia
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
essays; collection of miscellaneous thoughts
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
last chapter (book, etc.)
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
both extremities; North and South Poles; positive and negative poles
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to tie; to bind; to bear (fruit); to close (e.g. deal); to confirm; to connect (two distant places); to close tightly
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
to cease; to stop; to be over
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to state; to express; to mention
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
to scratch; to perspire; to shovel; to paddle
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
above anything else; above all; more than anything; best; greatest; excellent
bewilderment; perplexity; embarrassment; confusion
to feel; to sense; to experience
the person in question; prominent figure; distinguished person; that person
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
to leak out; to escape; to find expression; to give vent; to leak out; to be divulged
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to line up; to put in a row; to add (to a group); to accept (as a member of an organization, etc.); to link; to put together