concrete; definite; specific; material; substantial
to point; to nominate; to select someone; to identify; to indicate; to play (a game of shogi)
throw; throwing; resigning (a game of shogi, go, etc.); giving up; selling at a loss; sell-off
to step aside; to move (out of the way); to make way; to resign; to retire; to quit
form of government; system of government; polity
collapse; crumbling; breaking down; (radioactive) decay; disintegration
order; sequence; procedure
body; physique; shape; form; substance; identity; field
occurrence; incidence; generation (of power, heat, etc.); production; ontogeny; development
maintenance; preservation; improvement
that is to say; so that means
fixing (in place); being fixed (in place); fixing (e.g. salary, capital); keeping the same; fixation (histology); user name (on an online forum like 2ch where the majority of users post anonymously)
to be possible; to be conceivable; to be likely; to be probable
evolution; evolution; becoming more advanced; progress
Edo shogunate (1603-1867); Tokugawa shogunate
establishment of the shogunate; founding a shogunate
change; conversion; transformation; transformation
confrontation; to face; to confront; to encounter
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
to manage; to deal with; to cope with; to sentence; to condemn; to punish
up to now; so far; traditional; conventional; usual
rather; better; instead; if anything
reform and (or) abolition; alteration or repeal; revision; reorganization; reorganisation
to open (e.g. path); to clear (the way); to break up (e.g. land)
to disentangle; to untangle; to break up into pieces; to pick apart; to relieve; to ease
(Platonic) ideal (of how things ought to be, e.g. human rights); foundational principle; idea; conception (e.g. of the university); doctrine; ideology
existence; being; presence
zeal; enthusiasm; ardor; ardour
sneer; derision; scornful laugh; cold smile
new phase; new aspect; new field
to be conceivable that; to be thinkable that
new era; new period; new age; new epoch
unclear; indistinct; obscure; opaque; inarticulate; dim
surface; face; outside; exterior; appearances; superficiality
opposite side; opposition
comprehension; consent; understanding; OK; roger
no sooner than; as soon as; immediately after; at the thought of; when I think about
so much; so often; oh, yes!; that's it; that's right; quite
sake cup; cup for alcoholic beverages; ritual exchange of cups (to seal a bond or pledge)
casual; unconcerned; nonchalant; ordinary; normal; regular
facing north; northern exposure
small window; fenestella; scuttle (type of hatch on a ship)