wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
old person; senior citizen; the aged; the elderly
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
primary school; elementary school; grade school
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
your home; your family; their home; (my) home
abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed
island; one's territory (of a sex worker, organized crime gang, etc.); one's turf
ward; borough; city (in Tokyo); district (e.g. electoral); section; zone (e.g. postal)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
together (with); at the same time; in one lump; in the same category
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
almost every day; almost daily
strange; weird; wonder; mystery; cleverness; adroitness
grandfather; male senior-citizen; old man
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
white hair; grey hair; gray hair
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to put on (one's head); to wear; to be covered with (dust, snow, etc.); to pour (water, etc.) on oneself; to bear (e.g. someone's debts, faults, etc.); to take (blame); to overlap (e.g. sound or color)
to wear glasses; to put on glasses
white; blank (e.g. paper); uncolored; innocent; not guilty; (arch.) bright
beard (esp. on the chin); goatee
to grow; to cultivate; to let grow (e.g. weeds)