February; second month of the lunar calendar
twenty-second day of the month; twenty-two days
annotation; explanatory note; comment
Shōwa era (1926.12.25-1989.1.7); reminiscent of the Shōwa era; Shōwa- nostalgic; old-fashioned
eleven; 11; jack (playing card); Hodgson's hawk-cuckoo (Cuculus fugax); Horsfield's hawk cuckoo
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
retainer; vassal; servant
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
letter; missive; note; mail
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
now; the present time; just now; another; more
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
gate; branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master; division; phylum; counter for cannons
(arch.) office; (arch.) official; chief; head; (Yaeyama Islands in Okinawa) person (usually a woman) whose duty it is to officiate at religions ceremonies
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to get tired; to tire; to become worn out (of a well-used object); (arch.) to starve
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; motivation; intention
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
comfort; ease; easy; simple; (economically) comfortable; raku pottery
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
dimly; faintly; absentmindedly; vacantly; idly; aimlessly
to sleep; to die; to rest (in peace); to lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; (arch.) to close one's eyes
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot; considerate; kind; genial
coat; tunic; jacket; outer garment
to take off (clothes, shoes, etc.); to undress
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
carelessly; thoughtlessly; inadvertently
salon; saloon; sarong; saron (instrument)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
draft; draught; cold air entering through the crack of a door or window; cooling off of a relationship; draft of cold air between two persons
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least